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1/5/2015
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
WHAT IS STATISTICS?
Definition
Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing,
presenting, and interpreting data, as well as of making
decisions based on such analyses
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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Case Study 1-1 How Much Did Companies Spend on Ads
in 2011?
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
TYPES OF STATISTICS
Definition
Inferential Statistics consists of methods that use
sample results to help make decisions or predictions
about a population
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The population that is being studied is also
called the target population
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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Figure 1
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The technique of
collecting information from a portion of the
population is called a sample survey
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
POPULATION VERSUS SAMPLE
Definition
A sample drawn in such a way that each element of the
population has a chance of being selected is called a
random sample
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Such a sample is called a simple random sample
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In sampling with replacement, each time we select
an element from the population, we put it back in the
population before we select the next element
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
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BASIC TERMS
Definition
An element or member of a sample or population is a
specific subject or object (for example, a person, firm,
item, state, or country) about which the information is
collected
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In contrast to a
variable, the value of a constant is fixed
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A data set is a collection of observations on one or
more variables
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1 Total Revenues for 2010 of Six Companies
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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TYPES OF VARIABLES
Quantitative Variables
Discrete Variables
Continuous Variables
Qualitative or Categorical Variables
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Quantitative Variables
Definition
A variable that can be measured numerically is called
a quantitative variable
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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Quantitative Variables: Discrete
Definition
A variable whose values are countable is called a
discrete variable
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Quantitative Variables: Continuous
Definition
A variable that can assume any numerical value over
a certain interval or intervals is called a continuous
variable
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The data collected on such a variable are
called qualitative data
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2 Types of Variables
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
CROSS-SECTION VS
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Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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Table 1
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Table 1
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Find
(a) ∑x
(b) (∑x)²
(c) ∑x²
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Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
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Example 1-2
The following table lists four pairs of m and f values:
Compute the following:
(a) Σm (b) Σf² (c) Σmf
(d) Σm²f
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Example 1-2: Solution
We can write
m1 = 12
m2 = 15
f1 = 5
f2 = 9
(a)
(b)
m3 = 20
m4 = 30
f3 = 10
f4 = 16
(c)
(d)
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Minitab
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
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1/5/2015
Minitab
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Minitab
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
Minitab
Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 8/E
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons
...
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