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Chemistry

Unit Activity

Unit 5: Chemical Reactions
This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals:
 STEM— You will carry out online research to understand scientific reasoning
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 21 Century Skills— You will employ online tools for research and analysis
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Introduction
Fireworks! The lights, colors, patterns, and sounds they create in the night sky are always fun
to experience
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D
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In fact, the basic chemicals used
in a firework haven’t changed much since then
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In this lesson activity, you will explore more about fireworks and how they work
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Directions and Analysis
Task 1: Chemical reactions in fireworks
Read about the components of a firework and answer the following questions
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Key search terms: how fireworks work, chemical reactions in fireworks
1
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It is a common component of sparklers
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Barium- Barium is used to create green colors in fireworks and it can also help stabilize
other volatile elements
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2
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It is a common component of sparklers
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Barium is used to create green colors in fireworks and it can also help
stabilize other volatile elements
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What is the composition of the black powder in a firework?
Type your response here: Gunpowder, also known as black powder, is a chemical
explosive—the earliest known
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The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels, and the saltpeter is an
oxidizer
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Complete the following table for the reactions that occur when the black powder is ignited
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What happens when a firework is ignited?
Type your response here: Fireworks are made out of gunpowder, which contains
sulfur, charcoal and nitrate to name a few ingredients
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Various chemicals are added to create colors, such as iron oxide
for red and copper sulfate for blue
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How are the different colors and designs generated in a firework?
Type your response here:

2

The colors in fireworks come largely from different metals in the fireworks which
when heated glow different colors for different elements (this same effect is used to
test for elements in something called the flame test)
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Which chemicals generate the following colors in the fireworks?
Type your response here:
 Red: strontium salts, lithium salts
 Blue: copper compounds + chlorine producer
 Green: barium compounds + chlorine producer
 Yellow: sodium compounds
 Purple: mixture of strontium (red) and copper (blue) compounds
 Orange: calcium salts
 Silver: burning aluminum, titanium, or magnesium powder or flakes

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Find the amount of oxygen,
carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide generated when this firework bursts, if the oxidizing
agent in the powder is saltpeter
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4133 g/mol
C7H4O = 104
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1310 g/mol
Total = 572
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No sulfur dioxide is generated
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651 g/mol) x (4/1) x (44
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1 g CO2

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Type your response here:

10
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57 g, 82
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5 g respectively
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Why should pyrotechnicians worry about the yield of the reactants in a firework? How
does the yield affect the firework and the environment?
Type your response here: Yield affects the firework and environment because the
packaging of a pyrotechnic mixture affects its behavior
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Pyrotechnicians should worry about the yield of the reactants in a
firework because they could combust

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Resources
 Pyrotechnics: It's Elemental
 Firework chemicals
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Evaluation
This project will be evaluated on a rubric that is based on the completeness, clarity, and
thinking you exhibit in the Directions and Analysis section above
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The free response test item accessed below is related to this unit’s concepts and content but
will draw from your prior chemistry knowledge as well
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Download: Free Response Test
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Respond to Question 3a
Read the directions section carefully
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Unless directed otherwise, answer the question in essay form; do not use bullets,
outline format, etc

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