Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

COSCPOOL Notes
By Prajit Ravindran
1
...
Plastic, foodwaste, domestic waste, cooking oil, incinerator ash, operational waste, cargo
residue, animal carcass, fishing gear
2
...
watertight bulk head, non-watertight bulkhead, collision bulkhead
...


Pressure test on hatch covers
Ans
...
Fire line pressure : 6bar , test pressure: 9bar
Fire hydrant: material: gunmetal
no: 33 (in my ship)
fire nozzles: no: 17(in my ship)
5
...

6
...
To operate main stop valve first and after that co2 bank actuates thus preventing pr
surge before main stop valve
...
Measures to be taken in case of collision of ship
Ans
...

If there is leak then start the pumping out
...

If there is provision for watertight door then operate it
...
Speed of lowering of life boat
Ans
...
6m/s not to exceed 1
...


Life boat length
Ans
...
1m and not less than 7
...


10
...
Not less than
...
C02 bottle regulation
...
Made of solid drawn steel
Siphon tube to be provided
...
Low expansion foam: expansion rate 1: 20 (used on deck for fire fighting oil fire)
Medium expansion foam: expansion rate 1: (20-200)
High expansion foam: expansion rate 1: (200-1000) (used in enclosed space such as hangars)
13
...
Synthetic foam
 synthetic surfactants
 aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
 alcohol resistant AFFF
Protein foam
 fluro protein foam
 film forming fluro protein
 alcohol resistant fluro protein
 alcohol resistant film forming foam fluro protein
...


How green sea is avoided?
Ans
...
How do you implement company ism policy?
Ans
...


How do you make sure sms requirements’ is being observed?
Ans
...

 Articles and posters regarding Safe working practices posted on many places inside
the accommodation
...


Types of foam extinguisher
Ans
...
Inner container sealed with cap held in place by
plunger
...

Mechanical foam extinguisher:
Outer container contains water and inner container holds a co2 cartridge and a foam solution
...

18
...

Adopted on 13 Feb 2004
Ballast water management plan Implemented on-board for vessels travelling in international
water for control of ballast water pollution
It consist of
 International rules and regulation of different port state controls all over the world
 Location of ports providing shore discharge facilities
...

 Operational procedures along with method of ballast water exchange
...


19
...

Ans
...
Sequential method (stripping the tank completely and filling fresh ballast)
2
...
Dilution method ( opening the inlet and discharge valve of ballast tank and diluting
the ballast water with fresh ballast water)
20
...

 Mechanical method by filtration, magnetic separation, hydro cyclone
 Chemical method by biocides, electrolysis, ozone injection, electro chlorination
...


How to extinguish Container fire
Ans
...


Chemical used in dcp extinguisher
Ans
...
5%
 Special powder for D class fire
Sodium chloride: 20%
Barium chloride: 51%
Potassium chloride:29%

23
...
Drill frequency
 At least one fire drill and abandon ship drill every month
...

 Lifeboat lowered to sea and manoeuvred at least once every 3 month
...

 As far as reasonable and practical rescue boat other than life boat which are also
rescue boat shall be launched every month and manoeuvred in water at least once
every 3 months
...

 Use of Davit launched life raft shall take place at intervals of not more than 4 months
...

25
...
DCP Fire extinguisher(Mild steel):
Capacity:6Kg
Propellent:120gm CO2 cartridge
...
5kg
...
8Kg
Charged Weight: 19
...

Foam extinguisher:
Capacity: 9Litres
Working Pressure: 11
...
Test Pressure: 26 Bar

26
...


Working:
Extractor fans draw air sample from cargo space through bridge cabinet
...
Cabinet contains clear tubes within which
plastic within which plastic balls are there
...

In the event of fire smoke obscures and alarm sounds
...

When there is fire in cargo hold the sampling pipe turns dark
...
If propeller not running, it indicate that the pipe is chocked
...
Maritime labour convention 2006(ENTRY INTO FORCE 20 AUG 2012)
Ans
...
It provides international standards for the world’s first genuinely global
industry
...
It’s also an essential step forward in ensuring a level-playing field for countries and
ship owners who, until now, have paid the price of being undercut by those who operate
substandard ships
...
It covers almost every aspect of their work and life on board
including:
 minimum age












seafarers’ employment agreements
hours of work or rest
payment of wages
paid annual leave
repatriation at the end of contract
on board medical care
the use of licensed private recruitment and placement services
accommodation, food and catering
health and safety protection and accident prevention and
seafarers’ complaint handling

28
...

Ans
...
It is used in manufacture of bottom shell, framing, and hull construction
...
Boiler survey
Ans
...
Regular internal and external
examination during such survey constitutes the preventive maintenance schedule the boiler
goes through to have a safe working condition
...

Procedures
Planning
1
...

a
...
Sufficient spares (joints, packing, gauge glass, etc)
c
...
Special Tools required
3
...
Mark all valves, safety valve setting and spigot clearance
Before shutting down boiler
1
...
Inform duty deck officer
3
...
Change over M/E, A/E and boiler to Diesel oil
5
...

7
...
Change over to manual firing
2
...
Purge boiler for 5 minutes
4
...
Switch off power, off the circuit breaker and remove fuses for FD fan, FO pumps, feed
pumps and control panel
...
Put a notice on the circuit breaker mentioned above
7
...
Allow boiler to cool down slowly
9
...
Open air vent when boiler pressure drop until 2 bar to prevent vacuum formation
11
...
Prepare to open top manhole door when boiler is cooled and at atmospheric pressure
13
...
Knock manhole door gently with long stick
...

15
...

16
...
This is to prevent
thermal shock
17
...
Open the bottom manhole door with the same precaution as with the top manhole door
19
...
Ventilate the boiler both water and fire side for 12-24 hours
21
...
Check Oxygen, flammable gas and toxic gas content
23
...

2
...

4
...

6
...

8
...


Prepare safety torch and safety hand lamp
Investigate from outside make sure it is clear from obstruction before entering boiler
Oxygen analyzer is carry with the person entered boiler
Personnel entering must wear all safety gears
Clear pocket contents and tools to be carried in a bag and accounted
A responsible engineer to be standby outside with clear emergency order
Keep breathing apparatus ready
Remain communication
Ensure proper lighting at all time

Boiler Inspection
1
...
Wire brush and hose down may be sufficient to prepare for survey in well maintained
boiler
...
Chipping off scale is necessary

4
...

Route of inspection
1
...
Exterior of drums for signs of tube roll, leakage, corrosion, soot erosion and overheating
b
...

Drum seals for sign of air leakage
d
...

All blowdown connections for expansion and flexibility of support
f
...
Water wall tubes and fins for crack
h
...

Tubes near soot blowers for steam impingement
j
...
Around burner assembly, refractory and accumulation of soot or carbon
l
...
Water side
a
...
Manhole seats and surface
c
...
Tubes for corrosion, excessive deposits, flare cracking and pitting
e
...

a
...

c
...


Safety Valve
Condition of valve internal parts for signs of corrosion, galling and wear
Check for pitting, crack, resiliency and condition of springs
Check spindle for straightness and adjusting ring thread for freedom of movement
Check discharge and drain piping

4
...
Condition of burners, swirler and air register
6
...
Check condition and operation of all valve
8
...
Examine the foundation and bracing bolts of boiler for corrosion, fretting and rusting

Closing
1
...
Counter check all tools are out from boiler
3
...
Mountings to be fixed back with new set of gasket/joint
5
...
Operate all mounting valves to ensure they work freely and leave all valves in close
position
7
...

9
...

11
...

13
...

15
...


12
...

14
...

16
...

18
...

20
...

22
...

24
...
Start FD fan and purge boiler for 5 minutes
2
...
Fire boiler with minimum firing ratio
4
...
g
...
fire, stop 10min
...
for 2nd hour and so on…
...
As boiler heats up, water level will rise to normal level, top up if necessary
6
...
Shut air vent
8
...
Open valve to remote level indicator
10
...
Open steam line drains to drain off condensate
Warm up the steam line
Gag 1 safety valve, raise the steam pressure slowly and check valve lift pressure and adjust
accordingly
Repeat the procedure for other safety valve
Ensure no condensate at the drain line
Crack open main steam stop valve, slowly open until its full open
Keep firing as steady as possible
Check all safety cut outs and alarms before putting boiler on Auto
Final round check on boiler
Start tanks and tracing steam heating
Open steam to all heaters
Start all purifier
Change over from DO to HO for boiler and Generator
M/E change over during departure
EGE Safety valve
1
...
Report to surveyor in writing to confirm safety valve operation

30
...

Ans
...

31
...

Ans
...
Salinity of seawater is 35000ppm
Salinity of fresh water is less than 10ppm
TDS in seawater: more than 35000ppm
TDS in fresh water : less than 1000ppm
33
...

Ans
...
During daily rounds the pressure of the system should be checked and should be within the
limits
...
The air lift return should be checked to make sure the system is working properly
...
A clear
sludge can be seen flowing through the tubes back to the aeration chamber
...
Over a period of time, the sludge content in the aeration tank due to the recycling of the
sludge from settling tank and fresh sewage increases
...
The method of checking it is to take sample in a conical flask
provided by the manufacturer and filling it up to 1000ml mark
...

The sludge content should not be above the 200 mark, but if it is above the 200 mark, the tank
has to be emptied for increasing the performance
...
This also depends from
manufacturer to manufacturer, but is done every week
...
Also the bio-pac is added every week to the plant to increase efficiency
...

5
...

6
...
The sample is checked by incubating the sample at 20 degrees and well
oxygenating the same
...
This is done to check the oxygen required for full breakdown of sewage after it has
been treated by aerobic bacteria
...
The internal coating of the sewage treatment plant should be checked for cracking and
blistering
...
Special precautions should be taken before entering the
tank as it may contain toxic gases that cause suffocation
...

When it is made sure of the absence of toxic gases, entry is made with the mask and gloves
...
Later, hands should be properly
scrubbed and overalls be thoroughly washed
...
If the sewage treatment plant is fitted with UV disinfectant system instead of the
chlorination system, the UV lamp has to be changed as recommended by the manufacturer
...
High and low level limit switches should be checked for auto cut-in and cut-out of the
discharge to over-board pump
...
Make sure the stand-by sewage discharge pump is put on auto during the working of the
sewage treatment plant
...
This is to be used to unclog the sewage pipelines; however, it is to note that all valves
are closed and only the necessary valves are open, for it might back flush from WC of the
cabins
...

However, there shouldn’t be any overuse of these chemical as it would lead to killing of
aerobic bacteria which will decrease the efficiency of the plant and other problems
...

Sewage disinfectanct: chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, ozone, uv
...
Difference between stringer and stiffener?
Ans
...
Stiffeners can be longitudinal or
transverse
...

35
...
Longitudinal members like
 Stringer
 Keel
 Double bottom
 Girders
 Longitudinals
36
...

 Ows
 Oil discharge monitoring system
 Oil/water interface
 COW system
37
...
The water mist is made by the system when it activates: it pushes the plain, potable
water at high pressure through specially designed, patented HI-FOG sprinkler and spray
heads
...

Hifog system activates as the ambient temp reaches its threshold and breaks the bulb

38
...
The high oil content water is
transferred to sludge tank and low oil water transferred to bilge holding tank
...

39
...

 insert optical camera and inspect internal coating condition
...

40
...

 Water spray system with a self priming pump taking suction from below the surface
of sea
...

 Life boat construction material is glass reinforced plastic
...


Flammability diagram?
Ans
...

To prevent explosion
 keep Hydro Carbon > 11% (too rich)
 Keep HC < 1
...
5%

42
...

Stern tube bearing:
Cast iron bush lined with white metal having excellent lubrication and load handling
property
...

Generally oil lubrication glands are used to prevent seawater ingress inside engine
room
...
If temperature of seal exceeds 110deg c rubber
loses its elasticity
...
Oil circulated from a header tank
...
Water hammering:
Ans
...

44
...

Ans
...

Flame screen: It is gauze which splits fire and thus cools it down
...
Location of relief valve in fire main line at manifold inside the fire control station
...
How garbage management done in your vessel?
Ans
...

> Separate covered lids and storage drums
...

> Garbage station
...

47
...
Water pressure at head of 4m activates the sharp knife which cuts the lashing
arrangement like strong rope
...
What is Simpson’s rule?
Ans
...

Use of Simpson’s rule is to find out the






Volume of ships tank
...

Water plane area
...


49
...
a
...


These analysers come in various makes and models and we will be studying about one such
analyser namely the continuous reading type analyser
...

The main property of oxygen which helps in its detection and measurement of its percentage
in the given sample of air is that of Para-magnetism
...

As you can see in the sketch there are two platinum resistance wires which are exposed to
two different chambers
...
The
wires form a part of the Wheatstone bridge circuit and if you remember from your study of
physics, the Wheatstone bridge is used to measure an unknown resistance by obtaining a
balance between two legs of the circuit
...
Hence while one
chamber of the meter attracts oxygen the reference chamber attracts only air
...
This causes imbalance in the resistance of the
bridge legs and the degree of this imbalance is in proportion to the oxygen content in the
sample to be measured
...

Calibration of oxygen analyser (two-point calibration):

Normal calibration is performed using two different gases: a zero gas of low oxygen
concentration (0% oxygen) and a span gas of high oxygen concentration ( 20
...
Apply pure N2 (99
...

If not, then adjust from settings to make it ZERO
...
Apply clean and fresh atmospheric air (NOT from an air conditioned room or confined
space) and see the display it should be 20
...
0%, if not adjust SPAN setting to display it
correctly
...
Calibration is done and is ready for sampling enclosed space or any other space
...


50
...
Used in galley fire fighting
...

Working:
Fire is detected by fusible link (at temp 182deg c) or activation of manual pull station
...
In doing so discharge the aqueous
potassium carbonate agent through nozzles
...

51
...
Prepared by ship and given to yard which shows the strengthened areas of hull
for supporting vessel in dock with minimum stess location of sea opening and double
bottom tank plugs
...

52
...
Illustrates both side and bottom plating as a continuous whole and shows the
numbering of plates and lettering of plate strakes for reference purpose
...
Plan shows boundaries of
each shell plate and thickness of each plate in mm
...
and strakes of plating
are named with A, B, C etc
...


53
...

When the helmsman changed the rudder angle from zero to some angle towards the
starboard, at that very moment, a life force acts on the rudder
...


This rudder force, as you can see, is directed along a transverse direction to the ship
...
It is
because of this, a ship will sway slightly to the port when the rudder is turned over to
hard starboard
...
But yes, the sway does occur
...
It creates a moment
about the centre of gravity of the ship, in the direction as shown in Figure 2
...
G will be along the direction shown)
...
The rudder is
incomparably smaller to the size of the hull that is to be turned by it
...
In fact,
the rudder moment created by the rudder, is negligibly small to turn the ship by the
required heading angle
...
This moment
is not large enough to turn the ship to the required heading angle, but all a designer
has to do, is make sure that the rudder moment is enough to introduce a slight drift
angle into the ship’s movement
...
But this isn’t pure surge anymore
...
Thus, it’s evident, that by introducing a drift
angle, the rudder has introduced a small surge velocity to the ship
...
Doesn’t it reinforce the reason

behind why there is a small sway towards the port side during a starboard turn?
What happens after this, is what makes the ship turn
...
The prime
focus should be on the sway component
...
Follow
Figure 4 as you read further
...

With a sway velocity towards the port side, the hull sways towards port
...
The water particles
in turn, exert an opposite force on the ship’s hull, due to the inherent inertia of the
water particles
...
So, the ship’s hull experiences an
inertia force on its hull in the starboard direction
...

One, the part of it that acts on the stern of the ship (Inertia force at stern) and the other
half acting at the bow (inertia force at bow)
...
Now, the hull is
designed such that the sway inertia forces at the bow is more than that at the stern,
therefore the resultant moment is towards the starboard direction as shown in Figure
4
...
It is that large, a force
...
This moment (unlike the moment cause by the
rudder force alone) is sufficient enough to turn the ship
...
This, is enough to justify, that the
rudder does not turn the ship
...


The hydrodynamic moment, is in the same direction of the rudder moment (both trying to
turn the ship to starboard)
...
Once the rudder is again brought back to midships,
first the rudder force vanishes, which results in the diminishing of the rudder moment
...
It is due to this indirect linking of the rudder to
the turning action, that ships are sluggish when it comes to manoeuvring with rudder action
...


54
...

 The rudder, when turned to starboard, creates a force towards the port (which we
named, the rudder force)
...
The direction of the rudder moment was towards the
starboard (so as to create a drift angle towards the starboard)
...
Given a starboard angle to the rudder, the rudder force
would still be in the port direction
...

Whereas, you turned the rudder starboard for a starboard turn
...
It is to protect the
rudder from collision damages
...
The primary
one, is what you just read above
...
And the
lift generated (rudder force) is proportional to the velocity of water falling on it
...
It is only for this reason that a rudder is placed
aft of the propeller
...

55
...

 Rubber, clothing, oily rag
...

 Food waste
...

 Hospital waste
...

 Contaminated packaging material
...

 Wire ropes
...

 Hardware
...

56
...
To depict complex cures of 3D ship to 2D drawing
...
Combination of lines includes section lines, buttock lines, and water lines
...

Body plan:
Projection of ship on transverse plane
...
Centre line is marked
...

Buttocks line drawn parallel to centre line
...


Profile plan: (sheer plan)
Series of plan parallel to centre line plan will intersect the hull and form a curved line at
points of intersection
...

Projections of ship on a longitudinal vertical plane
...

Water lines are horizontal
...

 Capacity calculation
...

 Cross curves of stability
...

 Calculate Bending moment, sheer force
...


57
...


1
...
shank
3
...
crown pin
5
...
anchor chain with swivel











Ring (Shackle)
...
The ring is secured to the top of the
shank with a riveted pin
...
The long center part of the anchor running between
the ring and the crown
...
The rounded lower section of the anchor to which
the shank is secured
...

Arms
...

Throat
...

Fluke or palm
...

Blade
...

Bill or pea
...


1
...
Anchor/ link
3
...
Open link
5
...
Kenter shackle
7
...
A standard shot is 15 fathoms (27
...

Port Anchor in my vessel was 10 shots (275m)
Stbd anchor is my vessel was 11 shots (302
...
Tensioner 2
...
Chain 4
...
Main shaft
2
...
Electric motor
4
...
Drum (storage part)
6
...
Gypsy wheel
8
...
Openings in the eyes of forward part of the ship where the shank of the
anchor is stowed
...
A heavy steel plate that is "dogged down" by butterfly nuts when the
vessel is at sea
...




Riding chock
...
It prevents the chain from
fowling on deck and also holds the riding pawl
...
A safety stopper, that works like a rocket on the links of the chain
...
When heaving the
chain in, the pawl is "closed" or dropped in the after side of the riding chock
...
However, if an emergency occurs, such as the

wildcat jumping out of gear, the pawl will catch on a link of the anchor chain and hold
the chain and keep it from running out
...
A turnbuckle inserted in a short section of chain with a pelican hook
or a devil's claw attached to one end and a shackle on the other end
...
In operation, the devil's claws are used when
the vessel is setting out to sea
...
On some ships, a pelican hook is
used
...
A sprocketed wheel in the windlass with indentations for the links of the
anchor chain
...

When disengaged, the wildcat turns freely and the only control of the anchor chain is
the friction brake
...
A band which bears on a flywheel
...




Locking ring
...
The locking ring is usually turned forward
to disengage the wildcat and turned aft to engage it
...


1
...
Drum
3
...
Eyes to connect the stoppers
5
...
Center lead
7
...
Head line
9
...
Steering gear regulation:
Ans
...
Unless expressly provided otherwise, every ship shall be provided with a main steering
gear and an auxiliary steering gear to the satisfaction of the Administration
...

2
...
All the steering gear components and the rudder stock shall be of sound and reliable
construction to the satisfaction of the Administration
...
Any such essential
component shall, where appropriate, utilize antifriction bearings such as ball-bearings, rollerbearings or sleeve-bearings which shall be permanently lubricated or provided with
lubrication fittings
...
2
...
25 times
the maximum working pressure to be expected under the operational conditions, taking into
account any pressure which may exist in the low-pressure side of the system
...

2
...
Relief valves shall be fitted to any part of the hydraulic system which can be isolated and
in which pressure can be generated from the power source or from external forces
...
The valves shall be of
adequate size and so arranged as to avoid an undue rise in pressure above the design pressure
...
The main steering gear and rudder stock shall be:

...
of adequate strength and capable of steering the ship at maximum ahead service speed
which shall be demonstrated;

...
capable of putting the rudder over from 35° on one side to 35° on the other side with the
ship at its deepest seagoing draught and running ahead at maximum ahead service speed and,
under the same conditions, from 35° on either side to 30° on the other side in not more than
28 s;

...
operated by power where necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph 3
...
4
...


4
...
1
...
2
...
3
...

5
...
1
...
2
...
In the
event of a power failure to any one of the steering gear power units, an audible and visual
alarm shall be given on the navigation bridge
...
1
...
1
...
2
...
3
...

6
...
The Administration may, until 1 September 1986, accept the fitting of a steering gear
which has a proven record of reliability for a hydraulic system
...
3
...

7
...
1
...


...
Where the main steering gear is arranged, by two independent control systems, both
operable from the navigation bridge
...
Where the control system consists of a hydraulic telemotor, a second

independent system need not be fitted, except in a tanker, chemical tanker or gas carrier of
10,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards;

...
for the auxiliary steering gear, in the steering gear compartment and, if power-operated, it
shall also be operable from the navigation bridge and shall be independent of the control
system for the main steering gear
...
Any main and auxiliary steering gear control system operable from the navigation
bridge shall comply with the following:

...
if electric, it shall be served by its own separate circuit supplied from a steering gear
power circuit from a point within the steering gear compartment, or directly from
switchboard busbars supplying that steering gear power circuit at a point on the switchboard
adjacent to the supply to the steering gear power circuit;

...
means shall be provided in the steering gear compartment for disconnecting any control
system operable from the navigation bridge from the steering gear it serves;

...
the system shall be capable of being brought into operation from a position on the
navigation bridge;

...
in the event of a failure of electrical power supply to the control system, an audible and
visual alarm shall be given on the navigation bridge; and

...
short circuit protection only shall be provided for steering gear control supply circuits
...
The electrical power circuits and the steering gear control systems with their
associated components, cables and pipes required by this regulation and by regulation
30 shall be separated as far as is practicable throughout their length
...
A means of communication shall be provided between the navigation bridge and the
steering gear compartment
...
The angular position of the rudder shall:

...
if the main steering gear is power-operated, be indicated on the navigation bridge
...
2
...

12
...
1
...
2
...
Audible and visual alarms shall be given on the
navigation bridge and in the machinery space where they can be readily observed; and


...
a fixed storage tank having sufficient capacity to recharge at least one power actuating
system including the reservoir, where the main steering gear is required to be poweroperated
...

13
...
1
...
2
...
These arrangements shall include handrails and gratings or other nonslip
surfaces to ensure suitable working conditions in the event of hydraulic fluid leakage
...
Where the rudder stock is required to be over 230 mm diameter in way of the tiller,
excluding strengthening for navigation in ice, an alternative power supply, sufficient at least
to supply the steering gear power unit and also its associated control system and the rudder
angle indicator, shall be provided automatically, within 45 s, either from the emergency
source of electrical power or from an independent source of power located in the steering
gear compartment
...
In
every ship of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards, the alternative power supply shall have a
capacity for at least 30 min of continuous operation and in any other ship for at least 10 min
...
In every tanker, chemical tanker or gas carrier of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards and
in every other ship of 70,000 gross tonnage and upwards, the main steering gear shall
comprise two or more identical power units
...
Every tanker, chemical tanker or gas carrier of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall
comply with the following:

...
the main steering gear shall be so arranged that in the event of loss of steering capability
due to a single failure in any part of one of the power actuating systems of the main steering
gear, excluding the tiller, quadrant or components serving the same purpose, or seizure of the
rudder actuators, steering capability shall be regained in not more than 45 s after the loss of
one power actuating system;

...
the main steering gear shall comprise either:

...
1
...
2
...
at least two identical power actuating systems which, acting simultaneously in normal
operation
...
Loss of hydraulic fluid from one system shall be
capable of being detected and the defective system automatically isolated so that the other
actuating system or systems shall remain fully operational;

...
steering gears other than of the hydraulic type shall achieve equivalent standards
...
For tankers, chemical tankers or gas carriers of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards, but of
less than 100,000 tonnes deadweight which need not apply the single failure criterion to the
rudder actuator or actuators, may be permitted provided that an equivalent safety standard is
achieved and that:

...
following loss of steering capability due to a single failure of any part of the piping system
or in one of the power units, steering capability shall be regained within 45 s; and

...
where the steering gear includes only a single rudder actuator, special consideration is
given to stress analysis for the design including fatigue analysis and fracture mechanics
analysis, as appropriate, to the material used, to the installation of sealing arrangements and
to testing and inspection and to the provision of effective maintenance
...

18
...

19
...
1
...
1, 8
...
4, 10, 11, 12
...
3 and 13
...
2
...
This does not require duplication of the steering wheel
or steering lever;

...
if the steering gear control system in operation fails, the second system shall be capable of
being brought into immediate operation from the navigation bridge; and

...
each steering gear control system, if electric, shall be served by its own separate circuit
supplied from the steering gear power circuit or directly from switchboard busbars supplying
that steering gear power circuit at a point on the switchboard adjacent to the supply to the
steering gear power circuit
...
In addition to the requirements of paragraph 19, in every tanker, chemical tanker or gas
carrier of 40,000 gross tonnage and upwards, constructed before 1 September 1984, the
steering gear shall, not later than 1 September 1988, be so arranged that, in the event of a
single failure of the piping or of one of the power units, steering capability can be maintained
or the rudder movement can be limited so that steering capability can be speedily regained
...
1
...
2
...
3
...


Regulation 43 - Emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships
1
...
A self-contained emergency source of electrical power shall be provided
...
2
...
They shall not be located forward of the collision bulkhead,
except where permitted by the Administration in exceptional circumstances
...
3
...
As far as practicable the space
containing the emergency source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if
any, the transitional source of emergency electrical power and the emergency switchboard
shall not be contiguous to the boundaries of machinery spaces of category A or those spaces
containing the main source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any,
and the main switchboard
...
4
...

2
...
The emergency source of electrical power shall be capable, having
regard to starting currents and the transitory nature of certain loads, of supplying
simultaneously at least the following services for the periods specified hereinafter, if they
depend upon an electrical source for their operation:

2
...
For a period of 3 h, emergency lighting at every muster and embarkation station and over
the sides
...
2
...
1
...
2
...
3
...
4
...
5
...
6
...
5, at the sprinkler pump, if any, and at the
emergency bilge pump, if any, and at the starting positions of their motors; and

...
in all cargo pump-rooms of tankers constructed on or after 1 July 2002
2
...
For a period of 18 h:

...
the navigation lights and other lights required by the International Regulations for
Preventing Collisions at Sea in force;

...
on ships constructed on or after 1 February 1995 the VHF radio installation and, if
applicable:

...
1
...
2
...
the ship earth station; and

...
3
...

2
...
For a period of 18 h:

...
all internal communication equipment as required in an emergency;

...
the shipborne navigational equipment; where such provision is unreasonable or
impracticable the Administration may waive this requirement for ships of less than 5,000
gross tonnage;

...
the fire detection and fire alarm system; and

...
intermittent operation of the daylight signalling lamp, the ship’s whistle, the manually
operated call points and all internal signals that are required in an emergency;
Unless such services have an independent supply for the period of 18 h from an accumulator
battery suitably located for use in an emergency
...
5
...

2
...
1
...

2
...
2
...

3
...
1
...
1
...
2
...
3
...

3
...
Where the emergency source of electrical power is an accumulator battery it shall be
capable of:

...
carrying the emergency electrical load without recharging while maintaining the voltage
of the battery throughout the discharge period within 12% above or below its nominal
voltage;

...
Automatically connecting to the emergency switchboard in the event of failure of the main
source of electrical power; and

...
Immediately supplying at least those services specified
...
3
...


3
...
For ships constructed on or after 1 July 1998, where electrical power is necessary to
restore propulsion, the capacity shall be sufficient to restore propulsion to the ship in
conjunction with other machinery, as appropriate, from a dead ship condition within 30 min
after blackout
...
The transitional source of emergency electrical power shall consist of an accumulator
battery suitably located for use in an emergency which shall operate without recharging while
maintaining the voltage of the battery throughout the discharge period within 12% above or
below its nominal voltage and be of sufficient capacity and shall be so arranged as to supply
automatically in the event of failure of either the main or the emergency source of electrical
power for half an hour at least the following services if they depend upon an electrical source
for their operation:

...
the lighting required for this transitional phase, the required emergency electric lighting, in
respect of the machinery space and accommodation and service spaces may be provided by
permanently fixed, individual, automatically charged, relay operated accumulator lamps; and

...
all services unless such services have an independent supply for the period specified from
an accumulator battery suitably located for use in an emergency
...
1
...

5
...
Where the emergency source of electrical power is a generator, the emergency
switchboard shall be located in the same space unless the operation of the emergency
switchboard would thereby be impaired
...
3
...
An indicator shall be mounted in a suitable place
on the main switchboard or in the machinery control room to indicate when the batteries
constituting either the emergency source of electrical power or the transitional source of
electrical power are being discharged
...
4
...
Where the
system is arranged for feedback operation, the interconnector feeder is also to be protected at
the emergency switchboard at least against short circuit
...
5
...

6
...
5° or when inclined up to
10° either in the fore or aft direction, or is in any combination of angles within those limits
...
Provision shall be made for the periodic testing of the complete emergency system and
shall include the testing of automatic starting arrangements
...
Collision bulkhead Regulation?
Ans
...

 A collision bulkhead shall be fitted which shall be watertight up to the
bulkhead deck
...
05L or 10 m, whichever is the less, and,
except as may be permitted by the Administration, not more than 0
...
05L + 3 m, whichever is the greater
...

 the collision bulkhead may be pierced below the bulkhead deck by not more
than one pipe for dealing with fluid in the forepeak tank, provided that the
pipe is fitted with a screw-down valve capable of being operated from above
the bulkhead deck, the valve chest being secured inside the forepeak to the
collision bulkhead
...
All valves shall be of steel, bronze or other
approved ductile material
...

 The number of openings in the extension of the collision bulkhead above the
freeboard deck shall be restricted to the minimum compatible with the design
and normal operation of the ship
...

 If the forepeak is divided to hold two different kinds of liquids the
Administration may allow the collision bulkhead to be pierced below the
bulkhead deck by two pipes, provided the Administration is satisfied that
there is no practical alternative to the fitting of such a second pipe and that,
having regard to the additional subdivision provided in the forepeak, the
safety of the ship is maintained
...
Fire mains and hydrants regulation?
Ans
...
2
...
The pipes and hydrants shall be so
placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them
...











Suitable drainage provisions shall be provided for fire main piping
...
In ships where deck cargo may be carried,
the positions of the hydrants shall be such that they are always readily
accessible and the pipes shall be arranged as far as practicable to avoid risk
of damage by such cargo
...

 Diameter of fire mains
The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes shall be sufficient for
the effective distribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire
pumps operating simultaneously, except that in the case of cargo ships the
diameter need only be sufficient for the discharge of 140 m3/h
...
The fire main shall be so arranged that when the isolating
valves are shut all the hydrants on the ship, except those in the machinery
space referred to above, can be supplied with water by another fire pump or
an emergency fire pump
...
If this arrangement cannot be made, the sea-chest may be
fitted in the machinery space if the valve is remotely controlled from a
position in the same compartment as the emergency fire pump and the
suction pipe is as short as practicable
...
The pipes
shall have substantial wall thickness, but in no case less than 11 mm, and
shall be welded except for the flanged connection to the sea inlet valve
...


 Relief valves shall be provided in conjunction with fire pumps if the pumps
are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the
water service pipes, hydrants and hoses
...

 In tankers, isolation valves shall be fitted in the fire main at poop front in a
protected position and on the tank deck at intervals of not more than 40 m to
preserve the integrity of the fire main system in case of fire or explosion
...
Furthermore, such hydrants shall be positioned near the accesses to
the protected spaces
...
27 N/mm2

less than 6,000 gross tonnage; and

0
...
3 the maximum pressure at any hydrant shall not exceed that at which the effective control of
a fire hose can be demonstrated
 International shore connection
 Ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least one
international shore connection complying with the Fire Safety Systems Code
...

60
...



Pumps accepted as fire pumps


...

 Number of fire pumps

...


Total capacity of required fire pumps
 The required fire pumps shall be capable of delivering for fire-fighting purposes a
quantity of water, at the pressure specified above
...

Capacity of each fire pump

...
These fire pumps shall be capable of supplying the fire main system
under the required conditions
...


 Requirements for the space containing the emergency fire pump
 The space containing the fire pump shall not be contiguous to the boundaries
of machinery spaces of category A or those spaces containing main fire
pumps
...

 No direct access shall be permitted between the machinery space and the
space containing the emergency fire pump and its source of power
...

Alternatively, the access may be through a watertight door capable of being
operated from a space remote from the machinery space and the space
containing the emergency fire pump and unlikely to be cut off in the event of
fire in those spaces
...


 Ventilation arrangements to the space containing the independent source of
power for the emergency fire pump shall be such as to preclude, as far as
practicable, the possibility of smoke from a machinery space fire entering or
being drawn into that space
...
Regulation for portable fire extinguisher?
Ans
...
Ships of
1,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall carry at least five portable fire
extinguishers
...

 Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall not be placed in
accommodation spaces
...

 Fire extinguishers shall be situated ready for use at easily visible
places, which can be reached quickly and easily at any time in the
event of a fire, and in such a way that their serviceability is not
impaired by the weather, vibration or other external factors
...
Not more than 60 total spare charges are required
...

 For fire extinguishers which cannot be recharged on board, additional
portable fire extinguishers of the same quantity, type, capacity and
number as determined in paragraph 3
...
1 above shall be provided in
lieu of spare charges
...
Fire extinguishing arrangements in machinery spaces Regulation?
Ans
...
There shall be not less than one
approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 135 lcapacity or equivalent
in each boiler room
...
In the case of
domestic boilers of less than 175 kW an approved foam-type
extinguisher of at least 135 l capacity is not required
...
1
m3 sand, sawdust impregnated with soda, or other approved dry
material, along with a suitable shovel for spreading the material
...



Machinery spaces containing internal combustion machinery
...



a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system complying with the
provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code;

 a fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety
Systems Code; and
 a fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing
system complying with the provisions of the Fire
Safety Systems Code
...

 There shall be in each such space approved foam-type fire
extinguishers, each of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent,
sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be
directed onto any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure
systems, gearing and other fire hazards
...
For smaller spaces of cargo ships the
Administration may consider relaxing this requirement
...
However, such
extinguishers shall not be required if protection, at least
equivalent to that required by this subparagraph, is provided
in such spaces by a fixed fire-extinguishing system
...

63
...

Paint lockers shall be protected by:

 a carbon dioxide system, designed to give a minimum
volume of free gas equal to 40% of the gross volume of the
protected space;
 a dry powder system, designed for at least 0
...

Water spraying systems may be connected to the fire main of
the ship; or
 a system providing equivalent protection, as determined by
the Administration
...
Flammable liquid lockers shall be protected
by an appropriate fire-extinguishing arrangement approved by
the Administration
...
A discharge port shall be
arranged in the locker to allow the discharge of the
extinguisher without having to enter into the protected space
...
Alternatively, a port or hose connection
may be provided to facilitate the use of fire main water
...
Marpol Annex 6 Chapter 4 Reg
...
Purpose of SEEMP is to establish mechanism for a company or a ship to
improve energy efficiency
...
SEEMP
may form part of SMS
...

SEEMP is intended to be a management tool to assist a company in managing
the environmental performance of its vessel
...
It acts as guidance on best practices for fuel
efficient operation of ships
...

SEEMP includes
1
...

Monitoring
3
...

Evaluation
Fuel Efficient measures includes







Improved voyage Planning
...

Propulsion System Maintenance
...

Speed optimizing
...


65
...

Foam applicator unit consist of foam nozzle which is an inductor type capable
of being connected to fire main by fire hose together with portable tank
containing at least 20 litres of foam making liquid
...
5 m3 /min
...


66
...

Aim is to make sure ship at the end of operational life when being recycled do
not pose any health hazard and affect safety of environment
...
Green Passport?
Ans
...

68
...

Techincal file contain all the details regarding operational parameters
including components and setting of engine which influences NOx emission
and continued compliance
...
IAPP compliance requires NOx technical file to be
updated and well maintained
...

 Any changes made on NOx components
...

 Engine group and Parent engine test data
...



Engine parameter check method



Simplified measurement method



Direct measurement and monitoring method

The engine parameter check ensures that the present state of the engine
corresponds to the specified components, calibration or parameter adjustment
state at the time of initial certification
...
The components and settings will be those which affect the
NOx produced by the engine, such as:


Injection timing



Injection system components (nozzle, injector, fuel pump)



Injection pressure



Camshaft components (fuel cam, inlet- and exhaust cam)



Valve timing



Combustion chamber (piston, cylinder head, cylinder liner)



Compression ratio (connecting rod, piston rod, shim, gaskets)



Turbocharger type and build (internal components)



Charge air cooler/charge air pre-heater



Auxiliary blower



NOx reducing equipment

One way to verify NOx compliance is by Engine Parameter Check method
...

Identifying NOx related components
...

Identify adjustable features
...

All diesel engines that are required to comply with MARPOL Annex VI,
Reg
...




Record Book of Engine Parameters (original not required)
...
Welden pump?
Ans
...
They have a reciprocating,
or stroke-based, action; there is no rotary motion
...

The air distribution system [2] alternately pressurises each air chamber [1]
compressing one diaphragm [9] into the liquid chamber [8] on each stroke and
driving the horizontal piston [3 & 4] from side to side
...

The following compression stroke drives the fluid back out of the liquid
chamber through the outlet check ball valve and into the discharge manifold
[7]
...

Since no electrical supply is needed to drive the unit, safety in hazardous
environments is maximised
...

70
...

GRT represents the total internal volume of a vessel, where one register ton is
equal to a volume of 100 cubic feet (2
...
8 tonnes
...
If V stands for the total internal volume in m3, then the GRT

equals V / 2
...
83168 = 3531
...
Gross register tonnage
was replaced by gross tonnage in 1994 under the Tonnage Measurement
convention of 1969, and is no longer a widely used term in the industry
One register ton (RT) is equivalent to 100 cubic feet
...

GT is a function of the volume of all of a ship's enclosed spaces
(from keel to funnel) measured to the outside of the hull framing
...
5919 GT = 1 GRT =
2
...
07 m3; 3,000 GT = 3,776 GRT = 10,692
...
There is a sliding-scale factor
...

Gross tonnage, on the other hand, is calculated from the gross volume (in
cubic metres) with a mathematical formula
...
0616 + 0

---