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Title: Autonomic Nervous System
Description: Higher level biology and 1st Year of Medical Faculty
Description: Higher level biology and 1st Year of Medical Faculty
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AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Objectives
1
...
Explain the mechanism of Autonomic
Nerves Control
3
...
Explain Autonomic reflex
Autonomic Nervous System
• The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is
the part of the nervous system that is
responsible for homeostasis
• Except for skeletal muscle, which gets it’s
innervation from the somatomotor nervous
system, innervation to all other organs is
supplied by the ANS
Nervous System Division
The Nervous
System
Central Nervous
System
Brain
Peripheral
Nervous System
Spinal Cord
Motor Neurons
Somatic
Nervous System
Sensory
Neurons
Autonomic
Nervous Sysem
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
PNS : Efferent Division
• Communication link by which CNS controls activities of muscles
and glands
• Two division of PNS:
– Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
• Involuntary branch of PNS
• Innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, most exocrine glands,
some endocrine glands and adipose tissue
• Make adjustment to ensure optimal support for body activities
• Have viscera as most of their effectors
– Somatic Nervous System
• Voluntary branch of PNS
• Innervates skeletal muscle
ANS
• Autonomic Nerve Pathway
– Extends from CNS to an Innervated organ
– Two neuron chain
• Preganglionic fiber (synapses with cell body of
second neuron)
• Postganglionic fiber (innervates effector organ)
Division of ANS
1
...
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
• Mobilize the body during extreme
situations (Fight or Flight System)
• Involves “E” activites such as : Excercise,
Excitement, Emergency, Embarrassment
• Promotes Adjustments during excercise –
Blood flow to organs is reduced and flow
to muscle is increased
...
3
Parasympathetic Division Outflow
Cranial Outflow
Cranial Nerve
Ganglion
Effector Organ(s)
Occulomotor (III)
Ciliary
Eye
Facial (VII)
Pterygopalatin
Submandibular
Otic
Salivary, nasal, and
lacrimal glands
Parotid salivary glands
Located within the
walls of target organs
Located within the
walls of the target
organs
Heart, lungs, and most
visceral organs
Large intestine, urinary
bladder, ureters, and
reproductive organs
Glossopharyngeal
(IX)
Vagus (X)
Sacral Outflow
S2-S4
Referrence
• Frederic H
...
Fundamentals of
Anatomy & Physiology
...
PrenticeHall
...
pp :399-400,
• Elaine N
...
Human Anatomy and
Physiology
...
Benjamin Cumming
...
• Ganong WF
...
)
Title: Autonomic Nervous System
Description: Higher level biology and 1st Year of Medical Faculty
Description: Higher level biology and 1st Year of Medical Faculty