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Genetic inheritance
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Heredity
Passing of traits to offspring from its parents or ancestors
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19 th Austrian Monk
The three laws of inheritance
Independent assortment
Segregation
Dominance
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Dominant and recessive alleles
There is always a dominant and a recessive allele for every single characteristic
Dominant -> capital letter
Recessive -> smell letter
The dominant allele determines the organism's appearance
Example -> brown and blue eyes
Parents give one allele to the offspring ,mm,
IT is all about probabilities
Punnett square
Genotype versus phenotype
Homozygous versus heterozygous
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Karyotype
Number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus
46 chromosomes in 23 pairs
44 autosomal chromosomes
2 sexual chromosomes
xx or xy
The father determines the gender of the child