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Title: Coral Reefs in Crisis
Description: This is notes on coral reefs, particularly in a local Sunshine Coast area in Queensland, Australia but the details can be transferred to any coral reef around the world. These notes discuss environmental problems and contributing factors to the death of coral reefs. It also shows solutions to these environmental problems and shows types of marine zoning throughout Australia. It also has the species identification of fish, coral, turtles etc. Included as well are proposals, catchment area information, management of marine areas and reefs, threats and impacts as well as a full harvard style bibliography with completely legitimate and trusted references. The lecturer was Andrew Loutit.
Description: This is notes on coral reefs, particularly in a local Sunshine Coast area in Queensland, Australia but the details can be transferred to any coral reef around the world. These notes discuss environmental problems and contributing factors to the death of coral reefs. It also shows solutions to these environmental problems and shows types of marine zoning throughout Australia. It also has the species identification of fish, coral, turtles etc. Included as well are proposals, catchment area information, management of marine areas and reefs, threats and impacts as well as a full harvard style bibliography with completely legitimate and trusted references. The lecturer was Andrew Loutit.
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CORAL REEFS IN CRISIS
Mudjimba Island
LOCATION
REEF STRUCTURE - NORTH
• Fringing reef around a continental island, bigger
drop off with slabs of rock
• Average water depth: 4 to 8 metres
• Higher diversity of coral species (plate coral,
boulder coral, soft coral, branching coral)
• Coral closer to island due to less swell/wave impact
• Higher diversity of fish species
• Less algae – due to less nutrients from coast and
river runoff
• (WEATHER CONDITIONS WERE NOT IDEAL WHEN
VISITING THE NORTHERN SIDE OF THE ISLAND)
NORTH SIDE REEF
NORTH SIDE WEATHER CONDITIONS
REEF STRUCTURE - SOUTH
• Fringing reef around a continental island, steady
slope, rough rocks rather than flat slabs of rock
• Average water depth: 4 to 8 metres
• Limited light means: - Less coral and Lower diversity
of species - Lower diversity of fish species (Graziers
eg
...
)
Butterfly Fish
Damsel Fish
Lion Fish
Moray Eels
Wrasse
Wobbegong Shark
Gobies
Angel Fish
Puffer Fish
Surgeon Fish
Morwong
SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - CORAL
•
•
•
•
•
Plate
Foliaceous
Encrusting
Soft
Digitate
CATCHMENT AREA
• Things surrounding Mudjimba Island include; Airport,
Houses, Roads, Infrastructure, Airport, Resorts etc
...
• The coastal area and river
creates a lot of runoff which
washes out towards Old Woman
Island, impacting the reef
surrounding it
...
It is projected to grow to 367,345 in 2016
and 466,187 in 2031
...
• The riparian zone is used as a filter between land
and water; however, with continuous coastal
development, the riparian zones are being
destroyed, allowing more runoff to reach the water
...
People can also go
onto the land and drive motorised
watercraft in the immediate
surrounding area
...
MANAGEMENT OF THE AREA
• Maroochy River Conservation Park is located near
the mouth of the Maroochy River, covering 174
hectares
...
• Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service and the
Maroochy Shire Council management plan will set
the guidelines for the future management of the
conservation park within the laws provided by the
Nature Conservation Act of 1992
...
MANAGEMENT OF THE AREA
• The main purposes of the management plan are to;
- Ensure biodiversity is maintained and the area is
kept in its natural state
...
- Ensure visitors to the Island are monitored and
controlled so that all flora and fauna found in the
area are not affected
...
PROPOSAL – MANAGEMENT PLAN
• Proposals to ensure the sanctity of Mudjimba Island
include;
- Developing a plan for the Conservation Park to
permanently include Mudjimba Island and Ensure it
is a protected area
...
- Finding solutions to contain runoff of nutrients and
sediments from the catchment area (Eg
...
)
CURRENT USAGE
• Mudjimba Island is currently unused by people as it
sits 1km off shore, is hard to access and quite small
...
• The surrounding marine area is much more used
...
THREATS
• Threats to the Island and surrounding marine area
include;
- Runoff of sediments and nutrients (Mostly from
airport)
- Pollution from watercraft
(Eg
...
• With a new runway being built at the Sunshine Coast Airport,
runoff will increase dramatically in the coming years from
construction
...
• Runoff can also include; lawn clippings, dirt, rubbish,
chemicals
...
IMPACTS FROM WATERCRAFT
• Watercraft impacts the marine area surrounding
Old Woman Island
...
Fishing Gear, Rubbish etc
...
If water
temperatures are too cold, coral cannot survive
...
• The climate around the Sunshine Coast area is
generally between 15 and 30 degrees, however
with changing temperatures, coral could get
stressed out and cause bleaching, killing the reef
...
On a scale of 1 to 10, with 1
being dead and 10 being pristine, Mudjimba Island
reef would vary between 4 and 6
...
• The reef is projected to grow in the future provided
it is protected adequately
...
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Defenders of Wildlife, (2012)
...
[online] Available at:
http://www
...
org/coral-reef/threats [Accessed 17 Aug
...
• EPA, (2015)
...
[online] Available at:
http://water
...
gov/polwaste/nps/outreach/point9
...
2015]
...
What YOU can do to prevent NPS pollution
...
epa
...
cfm [Accessed 24 Aug
...
• Population and Dwelling Profile
...
1st ed
...
Available at:
http://www
...
qld
...
au/products/reports/pop-housing-profileslga/pop-housing-profile-sunshine-coast
...
2015]
...
Mudjimba (Old Woman) Island Dive Site
...
queensland
...
2015]
...
Coral reefs: threats
...
panda
...
2015]
...
Threats to the Great Barrier Reef
...
wwf
...
au/our_work/saving_the_natural_world/oceans_and
_marine/priority_ocean_places/great_barrier_reef/threats/ [Accessed 22
Aug
...
• Maroochy River Conservation Park
...
1st ed
...
Available at:
http://www
...
qld
...
au/managing/plans-strategies/pdf/maroochyriver-conservation-park-2000
...
2015]
Title: Coral Reefs in Crisis
Description: This is notes on coral reefs, particularly in a local Sunshine Coast area in Queensland, Australia but the details can be transferred to any coral reef around the world. These notes discuss environmental problems and contributing factors to the death of coral reefs. It also shows solutions to these environmental problems and shows types of marine zoning throughout Australia. It also has the species identification of fish, coral, turtles etc. Included as well are proposals, catchment area information, management of marine areas and reefs, threats and impacts as well as a full harvard style bibliography with completely legitimate and trusted references. The lecturer was Andrew Loutit.
Description: This is notes on coral reefs, particularly in a local Sunshine Coast area in Queensland, Australia but the details can be transferred to any coral reef around the world. These notes discuss environmental problems and contributing factors to the death of coral reefs. It also shows solutions to these environmental problems and shows types of marine zoning throughout Australia. It also has the species identification of fish, coral, turtles etc. Included as well are proposals, catchment area information, management of marine areas and reefs, threats and impacts as well as a full harvard style bibliography with completely legitimate and trusted references. The lecturer was Andrew Loutit.