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Title: Depiction of youth and masculinity in "The Return of the Soldier" and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
Description: This essay goes in deep exploration of the themes of youth and masculinity within "The Return of the Soldier" (1918) By Rebecca West, and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" (1916) by James Joyce.
Description: This essay goes in deep exploration of the themes of youth and masculinity within "The Return of the Soldier" (1918) By Rebecca West, and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" (1916) by James Joyce.
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‘He was so wonderful when he was young; he possessed in great measure the loveliness
of young men, which is like the loveliness of the spry foal or the sapling’
...
Discussing the treatment of youth and/or masculinity
in
The Return of the Soldier A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
...
The Return of the Soldier
’s take on masculinity
will be taken into account mostly through a female perspective since the latter predominates
the text
...
In
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
,
the depiction of youth, punctuated with connotations of religion, doesn’t appear to be positive
and is marked by a release past the midpoint of the novel
...
Similarly,
masculinity is depicted very much in conjunction with the protagonist’s cultural background
...
For this reason, it will mostly be considered
through the viewpoint of the female narrator, Jenny, and other female perspectives (Kitty and
Margaret)
...
This argument
will be made in conjunction with Marina Mackay’s “The Lunacy of Men, the Idiocy of
Women: Woolf, West, and War”, who argues how “modernist women writers came to
identify the centrality of feminist consciousness in an understanding of public violence” (p
...
She identifies “the two problems of patriarchal culture: that it glorifies militaristic and
materialistic models of masculinity (what West calls “lunacy”) and that it renders women
complicit in male violence” (p
...
The deepseated subordination of women that Chris’
memory loss rouses will first of all be examined, in relation to patriarchy’s prevalence
...
He soon after asks to see
Margaret Allington, a request which Kitty acquiesces, but thereafter loses her calm to Jenny
...
He had never brought Margaret here before because Mr
...
But tonight there was nothing anywhere but beauty
...
85), Mackay asserts that “even in this idealized account of lovers in the moonlight
are intimations of doom: the female object is associated with the sexual exploitation of one
class by another (the Duke’s excesses) and the female sacrifice (“a niche above the altar”) (p
...
The masculine oppression towards females of Margaret’s class is an idea, a fact,
according to the novel, made more striking by Margaret’s account of her and Chris’ splitup,
fifteen years ago
...
107)
...
The female
sacrifice is embodied in
The Return of the Soldier
through Kitty allowing Chris to see
Margaret, even though it is not goodnatured, but she is, more importantly, willing to let
Chris keep the latter as a mistress
...
Other women
do”, adding, “it means that Chris is a man like other men” (p
...
This paints a vivid picture
of the acceptable, maybe frownedupon, societal norms that prevailed within a capitalist era,
whereby the economically dependent female is meant to put up with infidelity
...
]
To Chris, Jenny tells us, the ideal woman is a speechless, senseless white statue” (p
...
This depiction epitomizes women as powerless and subservient to men, therefore suggesting
that masculinity has shaped many ideals in its favour, which are sometimes perpetuated by
women themselves
...
32)
...
Margaret purely because of the
lowerclass she represents, challenges Kitty’s position, for she is “the idealised woman who
is an object of worship because of the (male) economic success that she represents” (p
...
Her representation of thereof is reinforced at her encounter with Dr
...
154)
...
Women also seem to
reinforce male servitude in another way, according to Mackay, who claims that “the women
in the novel have condemned Chris to a return to the front” and thus taking “an instrumental
role in ensuring the continuation of male violence”, perpetuating “the false values of public
men” (p
...
Male servitude is relegated to fighting in the war, protecting one’s country,
while risking oneself, and the implications for masculinity are terrifying
...
In both his and
Margaret’s recount of Monkey Island, the latter seems to symbolise youth and the given
happiness it entails: “It was strange that both Chris and she spoke of it as though it were not a
place, but a magic state” (p
...
Margaret herself willingly escapes her, not unhappy,
marital life to answer Chris’ calling and somehow reclaim the lost days of her youth
...
Margaret imposes upon Chris a peace of mind that
would not have been possible through any other means than him losing his memory and
believing he was young again
...
134)
...
It however is no state to be permanently stuck in, because one has to live in a harsher
world, which is why Jenny and Margaret decide that “Chris was going to live in the
interminable enjoyment of his youth and love” (p
...
180)
...
According to Peter C
...
Nohrnberg (
"“Building Up a Nation Once
Again”: Irish Masculinity, Violence, and the Cultural Politics of Sports in
A Portrait of the
Artist as a Young Man Ulysses
and
"), his youth is marked with feelings of “intense insecurity
among the group of boys” (p
...
Stephen is somewhat ostracised and does not participate
fully in their communal activities, such as football
...
His decision to go to university denotes a dissociation brought
about by growing up
...
Later, in Part II of the novel, a similar
language of coercion surfaces” (p
...
Throughout the novel, at varying degrees, Stephen
experiences pressure to adhere to what is desirable
...
One of those voices of authority takes the form of Stephen’s father who encourages
him “to mix with gentlemen” who are also “bloody good honest Irishmen too” (p
...
Thus, in
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young
Man
, masculinity exists in exclusive association with a particular set of traditions and social
norms prevalent in its time, nineteenth century Ireland
...
100)
...
Stephen’s development consists of establishing himself as an individual
...
Part of his youth consists of abiding to a moral code imposed upon him by
those teachings, and it is this same moral code that gets him an offer for a potential position
as a priest
...
131)
...
He is now free from his
selfimposed restraints because he can admire this “angel of mortal youth and beauty” (p
...
The prospect of being a priest is now far from
appealing, and he decides to pursue a university education
...
Masculinity in
The Return of the Soldier
tends to be oppressive of women but
inherently selfdestructive, as would be expected in the society depicted, and a similar
occurrence can be noted in
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
, where tradition is prized,
that which makes Stephen’s struggles all the more interesting
...
Both novels have different takes on youth, but it is made
clear that it is a brief phase, bringing us to the same conclusion that it is subject to fading
away all the same
...
The Return of the Soldier
...
...
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
...
...
"The Lunacy of Men, the Idiocy of Women: Woolf, West, and War"
...
15
...
JSTOR
...
03 July 2013
...
jstor
...
L
...
"“Building Up a Nation Once Again”: Irish Masculinity, Violence, and
the Cultural Politics of Sports in
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man UlyssesJoyce
and
...
2010
...
Project MUSE
...
24 Jul
...
<
http://muse
...
edu/journals/joyce_studies_annual/v2010/2010
...
html
>
Title: Depiction of youth and masculinity in "The Return of the Soldier" and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
Description: This essay goes in deep exploration of the themes of youth and masculinity within "The Return of the Soldier" (1918) By Rebecca West, and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" (1916) by James Joyce.
Description: This essay goes in deep exploration of the themes of youth and masculinity within "The Return of the Soldier" (1918) By Rebecca West, and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" (1916) by James Joyce.