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Design Argument
The Design Argument also known as the Teleological Argument or ‘telos’
meaning end or purpose in Greek
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It starts
with finding meaning and purpose in parts of the world and later moving onto
the universe as a whole, looking at the progress of the world and its part towards
an ultimate goal
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The second is the inductive argument,
which is based on the observation that the universe shows regular motion both
in its parts and in the whole, a system that abides by laws and rules
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Thomas Aquinas (1224-1274) a philosopher who wrote Summa Theologica, argues that the general order and purpose of the universe is proof of a designer behind it
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For example, every year groups of
grey whales migrate from their sub-arctic feeding grounds off the Alaskan coast
to their Mexican breeding grounds
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These behaviour patterns rarely change, and
their end result is beneficial to the whales, so there is purpose in them
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’ We see that things which lack knowledge such as natural bodies act for
an end, and this is evident from their acting always in the same way so as to obtain the result
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This could not
have happened by chance
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Paley came to the conclusion that we are to put on this earth for a purpose
and that we are not just here by chance
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‘When we came to inspect the watch, we
perceive that its several parts are framed and put together for a purpose
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It had a creator; the watch had a
watch maker, so therefore the universe must have an all powerful creator as the
universe is so perfectly created and it can’t have got here by chance
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God is far greater with his design power than any human
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They use their instincts for survival, like a bird uses its wings for flight and
a fish uses its fins to swim
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One of Swinburne’s argument which he looked at was the aesthetic form
which observes the universe has a natural beauty that goes beyond what is necessary to live
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Some of the
beauty is part of the order; our appreciation of it not only reflects our attraction
to things that are aesthetically pleasing, improving our dislike of chaos
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These thing consist of music and art, as well as other things, which contribute to
the way we view the world as a beneficial place to live which is appealing and
attractive, even though we would be able to survive without them
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The universe is intelligible and not chaotic; it is sustainable for human life
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Tennant offers a different argument where
he suggests that once the aspects of probability have been identified, the evidence of a divine designer becomes more probable than not
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‘As we look out into the universe, and identify many accidents of physics and astronomy that have worked together for our benefit, it almost seems as if the universe must in some sense know that we were coming’
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The An-

DESIGN ARGUMENT



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thropic Principle shows that the design argument does not reject the principle of
solution in order to create a designing God

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