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Chapter 11:
1
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He used peas (easy to grow a lot of and use as a control)
b
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c
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Those
characteristics ended up being color white or purple flowers
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Be able to solve simple monohybrid, dihybrid, and trihybrid genetic problems
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3
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o One white parent+one purple parent=white and purple offspring

4
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Solve #16 on page 227
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d) B group has B antigens on the surface and A antibodies in your blood
plasma
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g) + is dominant, - is recessive
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5
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Solve
problem #16 on page 227:
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Pleiotropy is when One gene has multiple effects
a) Ex
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Mice the B gene: you can be a black rat or a brown rat
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If
you have dominant C genes, you have color
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Height, skin color, hair color, eye color,
b) Opposite of pleitropy
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Solve Problem #18 on page 227
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Elements include: trait, male/female, who is
affected, parents, and offspring
d) Describe a few facts about cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs, sickle
cell anemia, and Huntington’s Disease
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Cystic fibrosis:
• Causes sticky mucus to build up in the lungs
Tay-Sachs:
a) Is Progressive deterioration of nerve cells and of mental and physical
abilities
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b) Occurs when harmful quantities of cell membrane components called
gangliosides accumulate in the brain’s nerve cells, killing the cells
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It is an Autosomal
recessive disorder
b) Leads to strokes
Huntington’s Disease:
a) Affects muscle coordination and eventually causes cognitive and
behavioral problems
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Amniocentesis:

a) Is used to determine if the fetal has genetic abnormalities that could cause
a disability
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Chorionic villi sampling:
a) Determines chromosomal or genetic disorders in the fetus
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Chapter 12: Morgan and the Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
1
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3 autosomal
sets, one set of sex chromosomes
c) Morgan found a male fly with white eyes instead of the usual red, and then
bred the fly with red-eyed females
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From this, Conclusion was that the eye color of the fly is sex-linked
2
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They cause recombinant offspring, which are the offspring that
have the chromosomes that crossed over and therefore have traits from
both parents
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Solve problems 3,4,6-9
on page 244
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Solve
Scientific Skills Exercise on page 238
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What are some examples of these traits?
Solve Problem #1 and #5 on page 244
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Examples are
Hemophilia, colorblindness, and Duchene’s muscular dystrophy
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Since males
get one X and one Y chromosome, they don’t have the second X chromosome

to mask traits
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3
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One of the two copies in the X
chromosome is inactivated
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The choice of which set of chromosomes is inactivated is random in
humans
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The set that becomes inactive is known as a Barr
Body
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4
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Nondisjunction:
a) Is the failure of sister chromatids to divide
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Aneuploidy:
a) One chromosome pair fails to divide
b) Resulting cells have either n+1 (trisome) or n-1 (monosome)
c) Ex
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Trisome on chromosome number 18
b
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There are malfunctions in kidneys,
heart defects
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b) Resulting cells go from 2nà4n for # of chromosomes
c) Down syndrome is an example

5
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6
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