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Title: Units of Measurement
Description: Notes from the textbook "Modern Chemistry” by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations; Section 2: Units of Measurement
Description: Notes from the textbook "Modern Chemistry” by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations; Section 2: Units of Measurement
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Units of Measurement
Measurements are quantitative information
...
Measurements represent
quantities
...
A quantity is not the same as a measurement
...
This system was adopted in 1960 by the General Conference on Weights and Measures
...
SI Base Units
The seven SI base units and their standards abbreviated are listed
...
Prefixes added to the name of SI base units are used to represent quantities that are larger or smaller than the base
units
...
The standard for mass defined is used to calibrate balances all over the
world
...
For even smaller objects, milligram, mg, is often
used
...
Mass is
determined by comparing the mass of an object with a set of standard masses that are part of the balance
...
Unlike weight, mass does not depend on gravity
...
Length
The SI standard unit for length is the meter
...
To express
longer distances, the kilometer, km, is used
...
Derived SI Units
Many IS units are combinations of the quantities of the SI Base Units
...
Some derived units are Area, Volume, Density, Molar mass, Molar volume, and Energy
...
Volume
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object
...
One cubic
meter is equal to the volume of a cube whose edges are 1 m long
...
When chemists measure the volumes of liquids and gases, they often use a non-SI unit called the liter
...
Density
Density is the ratio of mass to volume, or mass divided by volume
...
Density = mass/volume
The quantity m is mass, V is volume, and D is density
...
This unit is inconveniently large for the density
measurements you will make in the laboratory, therefore you will often see density expressed in grams per cubic
centimeter, g/cm3, or grams per milliliter, g/mL
...
Density is a characteristic physical property of a substance
...
Therefore,
density can be used as one property to help identify a substance
...
You can also use conversion factors to solve problems through dimensional analysis
...
Deriving Conversion Factors
You can derive conversion factors if you know the relationship between the unit you have and the unit you want
Title: Units of Measurement
Description: Notes from the textbook "Modern Chemistry” by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations; Section 2: Units of Measurement
Description: Notes from the textbook "Modern Chemistry” by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations; Section 2: Units of Measurement