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Centre Number
Candidate Number
ADVANCED
General Certificate of Education
2015
Assessment Unit A2 1
assessing
Momentum, Thermal Physics,
Circular Motion, Oscillations
and Atomic and Nuclear Physics
[AY211]
tuesday 19 may, morning
AY211
*ay211*
Physics
TIME
1 hour 30 minutes
...
Answer all seven questions
...
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The total mark for this paper is 90
...
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages
indicate the marks awarded to each question
...
You may use an electronic calculator
...
For Examiner’s
use only
Question
Marks
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Total
Marks
9432
Remark
BLANK PAGE
9432
2
If you need the values of physical constants to answer any questions in
this paper they may be found in the Data and Formulae Sheet
...
5 m
...
(a) A stopclock is used to find the time taken for the roundabout to
complete 5 revolutions and the results are recorded in Table 1
...
Table 1
...
6
30
...
4
(i) Use the results to calculate an accurate value for the angular
velocity of the roundabout
...
Linear velocity = m s−1 [2]
9432
3
[Turn over
(b) When the child is directly opposite point A, as shown in Fig
...
1, he
throws a ball of mass 1
...
2 m s−1
...
1
...
1
...
[2]
9432
4
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
(c) (i) State the principle of conservation of momentum
...
Use the principle of conservation of momentum to calculate the
magnitude of the initial velocity that this child will move at as a
result of catching the ball
...
Velocity = m s−1 [4]
9432
5
[Turn over
2 (a) State the ideal gas equation, identify the terms and use it to explain
why putting an aerosol container onto a fire could cause it to explode
...
0 cm and height 15
...
2
...
5
...
0 cm
Fig
...
1
(i) One mole of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22
...
Calculate the number of
moles of the gas inside the can, assuming the gas is ideal
...
Temperature = ° C
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
[3]
(iii) Calculate the total kinetic energy of the gas molecules in the can
at this temperature
...
You will be assessed on the quality of your written
communication
...
3
...
Such a system is often used to
demonstrate simple harmonic motion
...
3
...
At points
A and B the mass is at maximum displacement from its equilibrium
position
...
6 s,
the acceleration, a is −0
...
3 m
...
3
...
At time t = 0, the system is at maximum displacement
...
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
Period = s
Amplitude = m
x/m
t/s
Fig
...
2
[7]
(c) State one similarity and one difference between a system that is
critically damped and one that is overdamped
...
What
happened to the alpha particles in this experiment that led to the
conclusion that the nucleus was small and positively charged?
[2]
(b) A more recent use of alpha particles is in cancer treatments
...
Radium-223 has a half-life of
11
...
A sample of radium with an activity of 93 kBq per kg of body mass is
required for a particular patient
...
m
...
m
...
Initial activity = Bq
10
9432
[4]
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
(c) It is important that the half-life of the isotope is found accurately so
that the previous calculation does not result in an incorrect dose being
received by the patient
...
The time taken for the activity to halve can be
read directly from the graph for more than one value and the results
averaged
...
4
...
Scale the time axis of Fig
...
1
...
4
...
[3]
9432
11
[Turn over
5 (a) Explain what is meant by nuclear fission
...
1 shows one example of a fission reaction
...
1
n 1 235 U → X → 137 Cs 1 95 Rb 1 4n
92
55 37
(i) The nucleus X represents an intermediate step in the reaction
...
Number of neutrons =
Number of protons =
[2]
(ii) The rest mass of each of the particles in Equation 5
...
1
...
1
Particle
Rest mass/u
U-235
235
...
9070
Rb-95
94
...
0087
Calculate the energy released in this fission reaction in eV
...
The specific heat capacity of water is
4
...
228 kJ kg−1 K−1
...
[1]
(ii)
Calculate the change in temperature of 1 kg of heavy water that
would result from one of the nuclear fission reactions in
Equation 5
...
9432
Change in temperature = K
13
[2]
[Turn over
6
(a) (i) State two potential benefits of using nuclear fusion to generate
electricity rather than nuclear fission
...
Other than
plasma confinement, state one difficulty that needs to be
overcome to change this
...
What property do
the particles of the plasma have that allows them to be controlled
by a magnetic field?
[1]
(ii) State the shape of the vessel in which the plasma is contained in
the JET reactor
...
Why
is it not considered a possibility for use in a fusion reactor on
Earth?
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
[1]
(ii) Research is underway into a third method of confinement for
possible use in a fusion reactor
...
[3]
9432
15
[Turn over
7
An object was heated to a temperature of 90 °C and left to cool in an area with a controlled,
constant temperature of 0 °C
...
7
...
θ/°C
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Time/s
9432
Fig
...
1
16
(a) The magnitude of the rate of change of temperature, φ, of the object
at a range of temperatures, θ, is shown in Table 7
...
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
Table 7
...
83
60
0
...
61
40
30
0
...
26
(i) Use the graph of Fig
...
1 to calculate the missing value for φ at a
temperature of 40 °C and record it in Table 7
...
Show your working out in the space below
...
Write down an equation that describes Newton’s law of cooling
defining each term that you use
...
7
...
1 that can confirm whether or not the object obeys
Newton’s law of cooling
...
[1]
Fig
...
2
9432
18
Examiner Only
Marks
Remark
(b) quation 7
...
7
...
On the axis of
E
Fig
...
3 sketch a graph of ln θ against time, t
...
Equation 7
...
012t
Examiner Only
Marks
ln θ
0
t/s
0
Fig
...
3
THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
9432
19
[4]
Remark
Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for
...
180809
GCE Physics
Data and Formulae Sheet for A2 1 and A2 2
Values of constants
speed of light in a vacuum
permittivity of a vacuum
ε0 5 8
...
99 × 109 F –1 m
4πε
0
elementary charge
e 5 1
...
63 3 10234 J s
(unified) atomic mass unit
1 u 5 1
...
11 3 10231 kg
mass of proton
mp 5 1
...
31 J K21 mol21
the Avogadro constant
NA 5 6
...
38 3 10223 J K21
gravitational constant
G 5 6
...
81 m s22
electron volt
9432
...
00 3 108 m s21
1 eV 5 1
...
02
1
1
1
1
=
+
+
C C1 C2 C3
τ 5 RC
2
Light
Lens formula
Magnification
1 1 1
+ =
u v f
v
m5
u
Electricity
Terminal potential difference
V 5 E 2 Ir (e
...
f
...
693
λ
h
λ 5
p
The nucleus
Nuclear radius
9432
...
02
180810