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Title: Meiosis
Description: Directed for Freshmen and Sophomores in high school, who are taking a biology course (or anyone searching to learn the basic fundamentals of Meiosis). This set of notes covers: Meiosis Diploid Cells Haploid Cells Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 Zygotes Segregation Karyotype Autosomes Sex Chromosomes
Description: Directed for Freshmen and Sophomores in high school, who are taking a biology course (or anyone searching to learn the basic fundamentals of Meiosis). This set of notes covers: Meiosis Diploid Cells Haploid Cells Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 Zygotes Segregation Karyotype Autosomes Sex Chromosomes
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Meiosis:
➢ Process in which the number of chromosomes is cut in half
○ Diploid to Haploid
○ Making of sex cells (gametes)
○ 2n to 1n (or just “n”)
➢ Similar to Mitosis
➢ Divided into two stages
○ Meiosis 1
○ Meiosis 2
Diploid Cells:
➢ Cells that contain a complete set of inherited chromosomes
○ 2n
Haploid Cells:
➢ Cells that have a single set of inherited chromosomes
○ 1n
Meiosis 1:
➢ PROPHASE 1:
○ chromosomes start to be visible
○ tetrads form
○ chromosomes in tetrads exchange alleles
■ crossover and share some genetic info
➢ METAPHASE 1:
○ tetrads line up
➢ ANAPHASE 1:
○ tetrads are split and pulled apart
➢ TELOPHASE and CYTOKINESIS 1:
○ splitting of the cells
Meiosis 2:
➢ same as Mitosis
➢ chromosomes are different because of the crossover from Prophase 1
Zygote:
➢ fertilized sex cell
○ fertilization restores chromosome number (23→46)
Segregation:
➢ states that chromosomes are distributed to gametes in a random fashion
Karyotype:
➢ Map or picture of someone's chromosomes
Autosomes:
➢ Chromosomes 122
Sex Chromosomes:
➢ x and y; xx = female; xy = male
Title: Meiosis
Description: Directed for Freshmen and Sophomores in high school, who are taking a biology course (or anyone searching to learn the basic fundamentals of Meiosis). This set of notes covers: Meiosis Diploid Cells Haploid Cells Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 Zygotes Segregation Karyotype Autosomes Sex Chromosomes
Description: Directed for Freshmen and Sophomores in high school, who are taking a biology course (or anyone searching to learn the basic fundamentals of Meiosis). This set of notes covers: Meiosis Diploid Cells Haploid Cells Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 Zygotes Segregation Karyotype Autosomes Sex Chromosomes