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Music Revision - Notes (CANTATA)

– Bach may have conducted the first performance on first violin or organ
– This has a typical shape of Bach’s Cantata’s - Chorus - Recitative - Chorale - Aria - Recitative - Aria
- chorale
– This is a SACRED Cantata - LATE BAROQUE PERIOD - use of figured bass (continuo)
– This sort of Cantata was performed in the main service on a Sunday and at religious festivals in the
Lutheran Church

Instrumentation

– Bach used an all male four part choir - SA (boys) - TB (men)
– 1st Movement Trumpet, 2 oboes, Violin 1 and 2, Viola, Continuo (probably organ, violone and
bassoon/cello)
– 2nd Movement Alto soloist, violin 1 and 2, viola, continue (probably just organ and violone)
– 3rd Movement Same as the 1st movement but with instruments doubling the voices
– 4th Movement Alto soloist, Oboe solo and continuo
– Would have been heard in concert A C
...
440 - approximately a semitone
lower
– Use of trumpet but it could have been a slide trumpet or cornett - the cornett is a wooden wind
instrument of the Renaissance period - it’s got a mouthpiece similar to that of a brass instrument
but with a softer tone than the trumpet

Use of Resources

– 1st Movement The trumpets come in with the Chorale tune from movement 7 at bar 14 beat 3, the
oboes then play the same choral in unison with each other, but in canon with the trumpet 2 bars
later, an inversion of an exact perfect 4th lower
...
The second violin, viola and continuo have supporting chords throughout, often on the
first and third beat
...

– 2nd Movement The strings play a sequence of slow-moving sustained chords, accompanying the
soloist
...
The instruments double the voices,
the trumpet, oboes and violin 1 doubling the soprano, violin 2 the alto, viola the tenor and continuo
the bass
...
The
sections for four voices are always contrapuntal with much use of imitation

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