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Biology Review Full Course  
Life Science  
1
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Pg 81
Organisms are made of organ systems
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Organs are
made up of tissues
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Cells are  
Made of molecules
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Atoms are made of tiny organisms
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  What are the three main components of cell theory? Pg 83
●   Cells are the smallest units of life
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●   All living things are made of cells
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  Describe the six processes that cells of all organisms undergo to maintain homeostasis
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In

organization each part has a specific job, and in energy transfer the organisms obtain
energy from light or nutrients and then convert it into useful forms using chemical
reactions
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4
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Identify which organelles are only present in plant cells
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An animal cell has a nucleus,
chromosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and a cell membrane
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While an animal cell
has lysosomes, which break down and repair old cell parts, an animal cell has a vacuole,

  

chloroplasts, and a cell wall Mitochondrion produces energy
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Last of all chloroplasts are the sights of photosynthesis, and cell
walls that surround the plant cells are a rigid outer layer
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  Identify the general functions of the major systems of the human body (respiratory,
digestive, circulatory, reproductive, excretory, immune, nervous, and musculoskeletal
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Pg 87
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and water
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The circulatory system
transports materials to and from cells
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The human excretory system functions to remove waste from the
human body
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The
immune system is your body's defense against infection and illness
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The nervous
system has three basic functions:
sensory receptors
...
sensory neurons receive information from the

2
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3
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Last of all, the
musculoskeletal system’s main purpose (function) is to protect vital organs such as the
brain, heart and lungs
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It also
allows the body to move, examples being walking, standing, bending
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  Compare and contrast the four major infectious agents; bacteria, viruses, fungi, and
parasites
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On the other
hand, fungi are part of the plant kingdom, and can sometimes be seen without a
microscope
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Viruses unlike bacteria are actually
debated whether alive or not, but smaller than them! They are small particles that consist
of DNA with a protein coats, and attached to the outside of the cell inevitably causing
disease
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They jump from one host to the other damaging the body as they go along the most
common carriers like mosquitoes and tick which are never harmed by these parasites
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  Identify the three domains and six kingdoms
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The six kingdoms are Eubacteria,
Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animalia
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Members of the
Archaebacteria kingdom are prokaryote, unicellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic
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Members of the Fungi kingdom are multi-cellular or uni-cellular, eukaryotic,
and heterotrophic
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Members of the Animalia kingdom are multi-cellular organisms, eukaryote,
and last of all heterotrophic
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  Explain ways in which genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to evolution
by natural selection? Pg 91
Genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to evolution, because whichever
animal developed the skills to survive in their habitat would survive
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9
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Pg 91
Fossil records support natural selection, because it shows the bones of some animals
that evolve over the years, but shows some that with their characteristics could not
survive, thus leading into what Darwin called natural selection—survival of the fittest
...
 How may the inability of a species to adapt within a changing environment contribute to
the extinction of that species? Pg 91
If a species is not able to adapt to conditions in an environment, then there is the
possibility that the species will have a hard time getting food, ultimately leading to death
and extinction
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 Explain how to determine genotypes and phenotypes using a Punnett square
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Pg 93

  

Genotypes are the kind of genes each person has
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That is a 2:1:1 ration
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12
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Pg 93
The role of DNA that passes hereditary information from one generation to the next is
DNA cells divide and the DNA ladder untwists to give the daughter cell a complete copy
of DNA, and a new strand forms that can pass hereditary information down through a
process known as nucleotide matching
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 Compare and contrast the general processes of mitosis and meiosis
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Pg 93
Mitosis is the process in which one-celled organisms and the non-sex cells of multicellular
organisms reproduce their genetic material
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As a result, the cells go through a second division which results in the daughter cells
having half the original number of chromosomes
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 Compare and contrast the relationship between organism such as mutualism, predation,
parasitism, competition, and commensalism
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Also predation is when one eats another, and competition is
when two organisms from different species are after the same resources and food
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 Explain the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers in the process of energy
transfer in the process of the food web
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This
restarts the process
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 Describe possible limiting factors on an ecosystem and their impact on a species
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This can have
an impact on a species because competition occurs for the same resources, and a
population shrinks as individuals die or leave the area in search of more resources
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 Cite evidence that living systems follow the law of conservation of mass
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Matter is not created or destroyed
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 Describe the process of photosynthesis
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19
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Pg 98

 

  

Cellular respiration changes food energy into energy cells can use
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 Describe the carbon cycle
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  Explain the hierarchical relationship between the planets and other astronomical bodies
relative to the solar system
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  How many galaxies do scientists estimate are in the universe? How did they arrive at that
number? How many stars do they estimate are in each galaxy? Pg 46
3
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At what point
do we generally switch from using AU to LY?

List the distance from the Sun (in AU) for

each planet
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  Describe and classify physical properties of stars: apparent magnitude, temperature, size,
and absolute brightness (luminosity
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Focus on Main Sequence stars like our Sun
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  Describe solar properties including: rotation, structure of the Sun, convection, sunspots,
solar flares, and prominences
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  Compare and contrast geocentric and heliocentric models of the solar system
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  How does gravity play a role in the formation of planets, stars, and solar systems? What
two factors determine the strength of the gravitational pull? Pg 50
8
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Include the
Sun, planets, and Earth’s moon
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A table might be useful! Pg 50
9
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Pg 52
10
...
) Pg 53
11
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Pg 53
12
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Be aware of specific landforms that relate to Florida; like
sinkholes, caverns, and aquifers
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 Explain the impact that humans have had on Earth; including deforestation, urbanization,
desertification, erosion air and water quality, and changing the flow of a river (river dams
...
 Explain and give examples of scientific evidence that Earth has evolved over geologic
time due to natural processes
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 What are the current methods for measuring the age of Earth and its parts? Hint –
Uranium! Pg 55
16
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Pg57
The crust (outermost layer) is composed primarily of two types of rock—granite and
basalt
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The next
layer, the asthenosphere is sold, hot and soft
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The outer core is molten and is extremely hot
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The inner core is under so much pressure it is a solid metal
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 How does convection lead to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions? Mountain building &
ocean basins? Pg 57
Convection currents cause the tectonic plates to move
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When the tension becomes excessively immense, the huge pieces
move violently, causing earthquakes
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During eruptions, the plates either separate or one plate slides into
each under the other causing the mantle to melt and hot magma to collect under the
earth in high pressures
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Ocean basins are formed when plates separate
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 Differentiate between the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, and
biosphere
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Made up of minerals, rocks and
landforms
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The hydrosphere
includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air
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There are places on Earth that
are so cold that water is frozen solid
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Without it, life as we know it could not exist
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19
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Pg 59

 

20
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Pg 59
Jet streams are fast flowing 'rivers' of air
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They play a key role in the weather by steering storms and also
helping determine where storms form
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When warm
water meets cold water, that's how hurricanes are said to be made
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21
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Also, the atmosphere insulates
the earth by securing the sun's warmth around the earth with gases
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 Differentiate between radiation, conduction, and convection
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 Identify how energy from the Sun influences global air and water patterns
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Ocean currents then
distribute the heat around the world
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Additionally, the sun’s heat drives the water cycle, and when plants use the Suns energy
to carry out photosynthesis which produces oxygen
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  Define density, thermal and electrical conductivity, solubility, magnetism, melting and
boiling point
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The
formula for density is d=m/v
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Electrical Conductivity  

The ability or power to conduct or transmit
heat, electricity, or sound
...
 

Magnetism  

The property of attracting certain metals,

  

or as an example it could be the attracting
property of a magnet
...
 

Boiling Point  

The boiling point of a substance is when it
moves from a liquid state to a gas state
...
  Explain how to calculate density, mass, or volume when given two of the three variables
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3
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Pg 65
I recognize that there are a finite number of elements and that their atoms combine in a
multitude of ways to produce compounds that make up all of the living and nonliving
things that we encounter
...
  Explain the motion of particles in solids, liquids, and gases
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Liquid’s molecules are more loosely bonded and are
able to move around and over each other
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They will fill the space available to them
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  Identify and list trends in the periodic table
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  List and describe the subatomic particles
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  Identify basic examples of and compare and classify the properties of compounds,
including acids, bases, and salts
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  Distinguish among mixtures (including solutions) and pure substances
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A mixture has a number of different pure substances mixed together
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  Explain the difference in a chemical and physical change
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 What is the law of conservation of mass? Pg 67
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a
chemical reaction
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 How does temperature influence physical changes? Pg 67
With heat added solids become liquids and then gas, or if heat is removed a gas
becomes liquid and then solid  
12
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(Use a picture) Pg 69
13
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(Focus on uses, frequencies
and wavelengths relative to each other
...
 Identify the various speeds at which light waves and sound waves travel in different
medium
...
) Pg 71
15
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Pg 71
16
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Identify situations where kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy
and vice versa
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 Describe the transformation of energy from one form to another
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 Explain the predictable movement of thermal energy
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19
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Pg 75
When a solid gains energy it may result in a state change to a liquid
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When a gas loses energy it might result
in a state change to a liquid
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If a solid gains energy really really fast it could end up like a gas vice versa
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 Describe types of forces, including contact forces and forces acting at a distance, such
as electrical, magnetic, and gravitational
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Contact forces are those types of forces that result when the two

interacting objects have physical contact with each other(contact can be seen)
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I actually, while searching
the

web,

found

a

really

good

 
 

21
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Pg 77

wdebsite

 

to

explain

this
...
Weight is a measure
of the amount of gravity pulling on the box
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 Describe how an unbalanced force acting on an object changes its speed, or direction of
motion, or both
...
 Be able to interpret distance vs
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Pg
79

  

 



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