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Title: Chemistry O'level, Theme 1 (Measurements in Chemistry)
Description: This notes enables readers to have a full contents of important information needed to be learn in Chemistry o'level. It also contains self practices, which can help the readers to understand better about the topic.
Description: This notes enables readers to have a full contents of important information needed to be learn in Chemistry o'level. It also contains self practices, which can help the readers to understand better about the topic.
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CHEMISTRY
O'LEVEL
THEME ONE
©AzySheran
©AzySheran
EXPERIMENTAL CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 1: Measurements in Chemistry
1
...
Four basic physical quantities in chemistry: volume, temperature, time and mass
...
)
1
...
◦ Usually measured in cubic centimeters ( )
...
◦ 1 = 1000
◦ Volume of liquids can be measured with different apparatus, depending on the volume
being measured and how accurate the measurement required to be
...
Measuring cylinder (more accurate volume than a beaker, but only to nearest ) : example, 23
...
0
...
1
rather than the nearest
...
It's accurate to 0
...
Bulb pipette: exactly 20
...
0 or 50
...
➔ Volumes of Gases
◦ Measured using a gas syringe, which measures up to 100
of gas on a graduated scale
...
◦ SI unit: Kelvin (K)
...
◦ Measurement is taken to the nearest 0
...
0
or
...
K = °C + 273)
Page: 1
©AzySheran
➔ Time
◦ SI unit: second (s)
...
◦ Time is measured with a clock or a digital stopwatch
...
◦ Smaller are measured in grams (g), or milligrams (mg)
...
Some electronic balance can be read 0
...
1 g
...
3 Apparatus for Chemistry Experiment
• Heating a flammable liquid:
Liquid is heated in a boiling tube placed in a beaker of water
...
Solution B from a burette is then
added to the solution A
...
This apparatus
is useful in experiments on the speed of reaction
...
Mass decreases as the gas
formed in the reaction escapes from the flask
...
Page : 2
©AzySheran
•
Data logging:
Used to measure and record variables that change over time during an experiment
...
Change in volume of a gas produced
...
Change in mass during a reaction
...
Change in pH as an acid is neutralized by an alkali
...
6
of a liquid to a flask
...
◦ Heating 1
...
◦ Measuring 80 of a liquid
Title: Chemistry O'level, Theme 1 (Measurements in Chemistry)
Description: This notes enables readers to have a full contents of important information needed to be learn in Chemistry o'level. It also contains self practices, which can help the readers to understand better about the topic.
Description: This notes enables readers to have a full contents of important information needed to be learn in Chemistry o'level. It also contains self practices, which can help the readers to understand better about the topic.