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Title: Taisho Democracy 1912-1926 Japan: Strengths and Weaknesses Notes
Description: For IB History HL Paper 3 Asia and Oceania. By a student who scored 7/7 in History HL, and 7 in Paper 3. Includes perspectives! The following areas are assessed for elements of strength and weakness: Taisho Leadership, Political Opposition, Westernization of Culture, Extent of Democracy and International Diplomacy.
Description: For IB History HL Paper 3 Asia and Oceania. By a student who scored 7/7 in History HL, and 7 in Paper 3. Includes perspectives! The following areas are assessed for elements of strength and weakness: Taisho Leadership, Political Opposition, Westernization of Culture, Extent of Democracy and International Diplomacy.
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Strengths and Weaknesses of the Taisho Democracy
Taisho Democracy: 1912-1926 if taken to correspond to years of Emperor Taisho
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g
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Weakness – reflects fault within Taisho government which prevents it from implementing its policies successfully
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Taisho Leadership
Emperor Organ Theory – Emperor as organ of state rather than sacred and holy, so the head of state is
constitutional monarchy
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S: However from the perspective of liberal-minded politicians, this was a great step towards
functional democracy and hence a strength
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g
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g
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Limited public right to engage in free
and open political discourse
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Westernization of Culture
S: Taisho democracy was able to achieve change and modernization of urban culture:
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Literary Societies, mass-audience magazines, new publications flourished
Estimated that nearly half of Japan’s 11 mln households subscribed to a daily newspaper
Intellectual journals e
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Kaizo, Taiyo, Chuo koron
By 1919, circulation of Chuo koron shot up from 5K to 120K
European-style cafés
Western-style clothing
Moga - ‘Modern Girl’, mobo - ‘Modern Boy’
Thriving film, music, especially jazz, and theatre culture
S: From the perspective of urban middle class and many young people this was a strength as Japanese
society was modernizing and changing together with the world
W: From the perspective of militarists Taisho was corrupting Japanese society
W: presence of conscription meant Army reinforced traditional values (NB 1882 Imperial Rescript to
Soldiers and Sailors)
W: Cultural changes did not affect rural Japan
W: suicide of General Nogi (1912) after Emperor Meiji’s funeral according to the samurai practice of junshi
(following one’s master to death)
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Also shows weakness because
shows that not everyone supported Taisho cultural change
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g
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g
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New PM Katsura
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W: From perspective of nationalists and military, this was a slap in the face
Title: Taisho Democracy 1912-1926 Japan: Strengths and Weaknesses Notes
Description: For IB History HL Paper 3 Asia and Oceania. By a student who scored 7/7 in History HL, and 7 in Paper 3. Includes perspectives! The following areas are assessed for elements of strength and weakness: Taisho Leadership, Political Opposition, Westernization of Culture, Extent of Democracy and International Diplomacy.
Description: For IB History HL Paper 3 Asia and Oceania. By a student who scored 7/7 in History HL, and 7 in Paper 3. Includes perspectives! The following areas are assessed for elements of strength and weakness: Taisho Leadership, Political Opposition, Westernization of Culture, Extent of Democracy and International Diplomacy.