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What Makes the Russian Novel of the Golden Age?

The 19th Century saw the golden age of Russian Literature
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With the rise of European Romanticism
came the following themes:
• Social Change and its Philosophies
• Family and Relations
• Interiors and Exteriors: Open Isolation
• Guilt and Blame vs
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For example: the theme of Trains, Horses, Carriages
and Transport is developed from the context of the industrial revolution and the view of trains
is not normally positive in Russian Fiction
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According to reviewer, Julian W
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If it
were to be non-conscious, then rhetorical questions, thoughts and the want for the reader to
follow the conscious desires of each character in such intense detail would not be included
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W
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The Golden Age: Readings in Russian Literature of the Nineteenth
Century
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81 (1), pp
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These novels are written for purpose of understand the ethical context behind each of these
themes are thus, they ready themselves for criticism during the Russian Formalist era
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Mostly, Dead Souls concerns itself with the business
of wise men and foolish men who understand, or do not understand the contextual changes
of social situations in the 19th Century
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"2 And thus,
the themes become relative of this social change of the 19th Century, seemingly after basing
itself on this comment of differentiating those who understand it from those who do not
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3 Thus, separating the readers from those who can and cannot notice them
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This is also
true for a number of other very famous Russian Novels
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Ivan Turgenev uses the image of nature and the natural in a similar way to this, as a basetheme that deserves change
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"And once again he began to listen to the silence, awaiting nothing-and yet at the
same time endlessly expectant; the silence en- gulfed him on every side; the sun ran
its course across the tranquil blue of the sky, and the clouds floated silently upon it; it
seemed as if they knew why and where they were going
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"4

To analyse the language of this paragraph, there is attention that needs to be paid on the
relationship between the "he" and the "it" using the concept of time as a means of analysing

2
Gogol, N
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Dead Souls
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UK: Penguin Classics
3
Buchanan, B
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(2013)
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The Explicator
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233-235
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(2003)
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Russian Studies in Literature
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71-90
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When this is put through the regular formalist analysis of language, there
should be clarity that the base theme is the changing image of nature and transformation of
Man's relationship with nature; and therefore, this works to explain this 19th Century Change
that takes place in Russia during and after the rise of industry and the industrial revolution
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Another base theme that holds majority in the novels is religion
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As more concentration on evidence and truth begins to unfold, those who are
religious flounder as they struggle to define their identification with their religion or struggle
to give evidence for their faith
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This identity crisis then creates this "social change" that happens in the
confinements of the novel and thus, does not have any direct influence from context apart
from the growth in Science and Scientific Research
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The fact
that a character requires their prayers answered or even requires help in a difficult situation
means they seek out God and thus, they struggle more as they actively do nothing about their
static problems
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But
instead of simply identifying Christianity as a sub-division of the want for a controlling power
of chaos; Dostoevsky stated that it was instead the problem of faith as opposed for the want
for faith that strikes familiarity with the Russian Novel
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Therefore,
Dmitri - who is in the middle, confronts his brothers and conflicts them regarding issues of
ethicality and morality
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And yet, its problem resided in character, in man and in the conflicts of personal life
vs
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Unlike the poetics of Tolstoy, Dostoevsky's philosophical struggle denotes
some sort of impending doom that is laden within the characters' own problem of time; or,
more specifically, running out of it
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Tolstoy's poetics had more
of a connection with God and therefore, commented on the recent history as being somewhat
a mistake rather than a crisis
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(1966)
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Comparative Literature Studies
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119-137
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His want for a place in history through his business life renders
him unreligious and therefore, unable to gain access to a woman named Kitty; but when he
struggles with his identity, he loses his sense of 'business-self' and regains this momentum of
knowing his relationship with God
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In conclusion, there is a definite want for the display of history, time and nature to change
the personality of character either for good or for worse - in the Russian novel
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e
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e
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The only form that is taken in which both of these things change
together is if the base theme is religion or faith - this would ultimately cause the identity crisis
of a character due to the recent history of social and scientific transformation and discovery
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