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Advantages and Disadvantages of Refugee Camps
Introduction
For the past thirty four or so years, the international refugee management community has become
aware of the extreme impacts of refugees ‘camps to the host countries
...
The
host countries experience prolonged effects of social, economic, environmental and political
impacts
...
The negativity or the positivity will highly rely on the rural-urban
interactions, nature/ degree of interaction between the refugees and the members societies of the
host country and the political economy of the foster country
...
However, the
question is what are the positive and negative impacts of having refugee camps to the host country?
One of the advantages of hosting the displaced population is that, they bring development potential
and economic benefits
...
There will be increased demands of foods and even other products to cater or the needs
of these people
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The host country has an increased source of new skills from the incoming population
(Bakewell, 2000)
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For example, in the last few years, the increase internal feuds in Syria, has led to massive
movement of its citizens to the neighboring countries such as Jordan and Iran
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Growth of infrastructure and increased import-export trade is the other advantage that is brought
about presence of refugee camps to the host country
...
These areas are more likely to have been
marginalized before the establishment of the camps
...
Furthermore,
establishment of buildings to serve as hospitals, accommodation apartments, and social amenities
begins
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These will increase the trading
power of the country
...
However,
as the fighting continued and more refugees came in, there was need for more houses, schools and
hospitals to address the influx
...
Furthermore, the tenants had to take loans from the
banks to increase their housing capacities
...
The
large influx of population results to labor competition between the local residents and the foreigners
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The cost of living for
the refugees in the host country is higher compared to their mother country
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Refugees are more willing to
work for as much little as possible to place food on the table and afford clothing
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In most scenarios, this abrupt change of cost of labor favors
small business and production firms that are striving to expand
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For example the Balkan crises of nineties resulted to
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massive movement of the Bulgarians and Yugoslavians to the Europe and Russian sub-continents
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Therefore, the refugees were willing to work at any quoted price of job
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On the contrary, the massive establishment of refugee camps in the host country has adverse
negative effects to number of factors
...
One
of these disadvantages is constrain of the available resources
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Being human beings, refugees have right
to education and medication
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Initially, these social amenities had not put to plan of such large
population during their construction
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The numbers of classrooms become overpopulated (Whitaker,
2002)
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When the conflict first
erupted, the Iranians and Jordanians accepted these refugees to share their social amenities
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The hospitals have become overcrowded and the local residents cannot
enjoy the services they were enjoying before
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Despite the fact that; the
refugees provide cheap labor to firms, it is disadvantage to the local citizens who previously enjoyed
better payment
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As the refugees gain access to the local currency, they
have power to consume the local products and services
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Prices of the goods and services skyrocket
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For example, before the
Syrian crises, apartments in Jordan were affordable and the cost of goods and services were
generally pocket friendly (Schmeidl, 2002)
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Demand of local girls for wives by the young Syrians has resulted to changes of
dowry prices
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The refugee camps become the breeding grounds for the most lethal criminals and terrorist
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They opt for crimes such as homestead
thefts, kidnappings cybercrimes and even bank robberies
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Same refugees participate in terror activities; killing of the local
people, destruction of property, dissemination of propagandas that diminish the dignity
administration
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The negative effects of these camps are still felt up to date
(Bakewell, 2000
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Similarly, the Syrians refugees in Iraq and other Arab countries have been engaged in terror
activities in what is being referred to as Islamic State
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Establishment of the refugee camps means introduction of a new breed of society
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It will be obvious their cultural influence will be felt
by the locals
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Language acquires new vocabularies, as the two societies seek to establish a simple
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mode of communication and understanding
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Immoralities begin to crop up, such as prostitutions as the foreigners strive to raise money
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The male factions are walking with shorts and women riding on back of
motorcycles which was not a common practice before
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The economy of these countries thrives from activities that are
intertwined with the refugees; donations, cheap labor, new skills and growth of the trading power
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On the contrary, the
joy of peaceful coexistence is at the expense of the local citizens and their administrations that have
to put up with drastic changes
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References
Bakewell, O
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`Repatriation and self-settled refugees in Zambia: bringing solutions to the
world problems
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Jacobsen, K
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A framework for exploring the political and security context of refugee
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Öberg, M
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(2003
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Time to Go? Duration
Dependence in Forced Migration, 113-231
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a
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Department of Sociology
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Rashid, A
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International Affairs Review
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Sadiq, K
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International Studies Quarterly
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Salehyan, I
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(2006)
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Refugees and the Spread of Civil War,‟, 335-366
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(2002)
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Security Dilemmas: Long-Term Implications of the Afghan
Refugee Crisis,, 7-29
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(2002
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Washington DC, USA: The World Bank
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(2007)
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Honolulu, Hawaii:
Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association,
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(2007)
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Tokyo: Japan International Cooperation Agency
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B
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Refugees in Western Tanzania: The Distribution of Burdens and Benefits
among Local Hosts
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