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Title: Cell Ultrastructure
Description: Notes and questions on cell ultrastructure for students studying A-level Biology!
Description: Notes and questions on cell ultrastructure for students studying A-level Biology!
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r Cells -?
Cell ultrastructure
Cell ultrastructure
C*
...
The first activity,on Wsl-Ws3, results in the production of an illustratedchart
summarising cellultrastructure
...
The final activity on Ws4 involves designing a
dichotomous key to cell structures
...
Using W»2 andWs3, students construct
an A3 revision sheet which is then used to answer questions on Ws4
...
Students are required
to distinguish betweenstructure and function, identify theorganelles to which the descriptions relate
^&&®k
and match these to the appropriate illustrations
...
Knowledge of the
terms lipid and polysaccharide is required, but no other biochemistry
...
Any that
are not on the specification may be brought to the students1 attention and marked as such on Ws2
and Ws3
...
The cutting and pasting
activity requires a sheet of A3 paper, scissors and glue
...
t*
Lesson structure
l^wC 1 Students will need a brief introduction explaining that the outcome of the exercise is a revision
sheet
...
3 It may be advisable to check whether Ws2 and Ws3 have been completed correctly
...
If preferred, this can be done as a group exercise, and the
final sheet is then copied for each student
...
5 As students finish the revision sheet, they should collect a copy of Ws4 and answer the questions on
an individual basis
...
Questions 3 and 4 may give
a starting-point
...
(1) Plasma membrane
(7) Nucleus
/ ;^v (2) Endoplasmic reticulum
(8) Ribosome
(3) Golgi apparatus
(9) Lysosome
(4) Mitochondrion
(10) Centrioles
(5) Cell wall
(11) Vacuole
ll
(6) Chloroplast
Pattern of ticks on Ws3
Name
Function
Structure
Nucleus
•
Ribosome
•
Golgi apparatus
•
Centrioles
•
Plasma membrane
•
Nucleus
•
Cell wall
•
Centrioles
•
Mitochondrion
Vacuole
•
•
Endoplasmic reticulum
•
Golgi apparatus
•
Lysosome
•
Mitochondrion
•
Plasma membrane
•
Cell wall
•
Chloroplast
•
1
•:;•:
Lysosome
•
Endoplasmic reticulum
•
|
Chloroplast
•
Vacuole
•
Ribosome
•
...
•
...
•
...
50
Cell ultrastructure
o
%
%,
ED
Answers to questions on Ws4
1 Short,simple definitions are required
...
Information from the genes in
the nucleus is carried to the ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, where proteins are
synthesised
...
The first part of the exercise
involves naming diagrams and finding descriptions of the structures and functions of some
componentsof cells
...
Thesecond part of the exercise involves
answering revision questions on worksheet Ws4, using the chart to help you
...
First try to identify the cell components in the drawings on worksheet Ws2 and write the names in
the corresponding boxes
...
Identify which cell
component is being described and write the name in the second column
...
Then take a piece of A3 paper
...
Stick them down
...
Next cut out all the descriptions of structures (from Ws3)
...
Arrange the descriptions in a column
(column 2) next to the appropriate drawing
...
When you are sure that column 2 is correct, cut off the name and the tick and stick the descriptions
down
...
You will be left with descriptions of the functions of the cell components
...
First check with your teacher that they are correct, then cut off the name
and the tick and stick them down
...
Now you have a summary chartto help your revision
...
cphilip Allan Updates
cells & cell biology
53
Cell ultrastructure
X105000
X3000
\
X33000
x1 240000
X27000
X14 000
o
x33 000
X54 000
...
J
Name of cell
component
Structure
Function
Large organelle enclosed by a double
membrane (an envelope) perforated by
pores
...
Very small organelle not bounded by a
membrane
...
Made of protein and RNA
...
Form a spindle-shaped structure of protein
fibres on which the chromosomes move
during nuclear division
...
Chromosomes contain DNA which controls
the synthesis of proteins
...
Provides mechanical support and
protection
...
A pair of short cylinders
...
The site of aerobic respiration and
responsible for producing most of the ATP
in a cell
...
Contains cell sap which is a solution of
mineral salts, pigments, organic acids and
other substances
...
One type has ribosomes on its surface and
is the site of protein synthesis
...
Skjs
Receives proteins synthesised on the ER
and prepares them for secretion from the
cell
...
Responsible for destroying worn-out
organelles and for digesting the contents of
vacuoles formed by phagocytosis
...
Inside the
inner membrane is the matrix containing
enzymes, a circular DNA molecule and
ribosomes
...
Consists of cellulose microfibrils and other
polysaccharides
...
Contains
1
a matrix called stroma which has a system
of membranes running through it
...
Stroma contains
circular DNA, ribosomes and starch grains
...
:•:
A vesicle containing digestive enzymes
...
,
———•
:
::
...
:: :
:
...
:-•••
•
...
...
56
Cell ultrastructure
o
A
%eo
Name of cell
component
Structure
Function
A complex network of flattened,
membrane-bounded sacs called cisternae
...
The organelle in which photosynthesis
takes place
...
Stores waste products and other
substances
...
Uses the information in nucleic acid to
synthesise proteins
...
;-* Use the information in the A3 summarychart to help you
...
There is no need
to define the words in brackets
...
List the cell components in the chart under the appropriate
headings
...
According to
this definition, which of the structures in the table are not organelles?
4 Which of the organelles in the chart are not bounded by a membrane?
5 Which of the organelles are bounded by (a) a single membrane and (b) a double membrane?
6 Which of the organelles contain nucleic acid?
7 Write two or three sentences to describe the links between the functions of the nucleus, the
endoplasmic reticulum and the ribosomes
...
©Philip Allan Updates
cells & cell biology
58
Title: Cell Ultrastructure
Description: Notes and questions on cell ultrastructure for students studying A-level Biology!
Description: Notes and questions on cell ultrastructure for students studying A-level Biology!