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Title: David Bordwell's four levels of meaning
Description: These notes are aimed at first year level students that require an understanding of David Bordwells four levels of meaning and how they can be applied - these notes are applied to an example of an image. These notes address: fabula, diegesis, explicit and implicit meaning.
Description: These notes are aimed at first year level students that require an understanding of David Bordwells four levels of meaning and how they can be applied - these notes are applied to an example of an image. These notes address: fabula, diegesis, explicit and implicit meaning.
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David Bordwells four levels of meaning
by
Rainer Dumon
Table of Contents
David Bordwells four levels of meaning
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2
1
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3
2
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3
3
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4
Bibliography
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6
1
List of figures
Fig1: Man reading newspaper on train, Rome
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Introduction:
In order to interpret and comprehend a form of art or expression, it is necessary to
derive meaning from what is being viewed
...
As it is human nature to accept the reality we are presented with, it
is thus necessary to deconstruct and understand to the extent that is capable
...
David Bordwell states that comprehending and interpreting is an “activity in which the
perceiver plays a central role
...
, 1989, pp
...
Theory:
Firstly there is referential meaning; this makes use of diegesis – the construction of
the presented world that can be based upon real world or extratextual knowledge
...
These two
concepts form the basis for the formulation of comprehension
...
Thirdly, implicit meaning is the symbolic or themes within, yet implicit
meaning can contradict referential and explicit meaning with ironic status even
though they share the same comprehensive levels
...
Symptomatic meaning can contradict the previous three
levels, except with irony and subjectivity
...
, 1996)
2
...
1, the deigesis is that of an old man, who sits on a black bench and
reads a newspaper, in a public, Italian area during daytime whilst people are busy
around him – these people are seen in the reflection of the windows
...
Furthermore, the explecit meaning of the image is that there is comfort and wellbeing up to old age in economic and political prosperous countries, as fig
...
The economic prosperity is seen by the
clean public transport location as well as the fact that the man is wearing warm
clothing of good quality and therefore it can be surmised that the old man has a wellpaying job to purchase clothes and a train ticket
...
3
This leads to the implicit meaning that involves the themes of old age and the
symbolic meaning of reading a newspaper and having concern for current events
even in the midst of travel in the ironic contradiction of lacking time in one’s life as
well as old age where ones is stigmatised into being old and of no further use to
society and it’s functionality
...
There is then the abstracted interpretation of symptomatic meaning which in fig
...
This
relates to the old man who is willingly waiting, letting time pass by and utilising his
time productively by reading and informing himself of current events, as he has
gained wisdom in his lifetime
...
Conclusion:
In conclusion, diegesis and fabula were formed by taking note of the objects and
contextualising them to their origin and by using deductive methods to form a
microcosm in narrative with reference to fig
...
1
...
It is thus seen that one can use a precise process and formula to deconstruct a
photojournalistic image in order to comprehend what happens in an image by using
David Bordwells four levels of meaning
...
(1996)
...
Harvard
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(1989)
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Cambridge) Massachusetts: Havard
...
K
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Film Art: An Introduction
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) Massachusets : AddisonWesley
...
1
Rita Földi, On The Train, Photojournalism, Rome, (October 28, 2010
Title: David Bordwell's four levels of meaning
Description: These notes are aimed at first year level students that require an understanding of David Bordwells four levels of meaning and how they can be applied - these notes are applied to an example of an image. These notes address: fabula, diegesis, explicit and implicit meaning.
Description: These notes are aimed at first year level students that require an understanding of David Bordwells four levels of meaning and how they can be applied - these notes are applied to an example of an image. These notes address: fabula, diegesis, explicit and implicit meaning.