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Title: Comparison of DNA and RNA
Description: I have written this notes which covers all the differences between DNA and RNA
Description: I have written this notes which covers all the differences between DNA and RNA
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Comparison of DNA and RNA
Key Points
DNA
RNA
Structure
Abbreviations DNA stands for DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC
ACID
Functions
It is responsible for the storage of genetic
code long term
RNA stands for RIBONUCLEIC ACID
DNA is double stranded except some viruses
which have single stranded DNA
DNA have Deoxyribose sugar
It is responsible for transportation of genetic
information from DNA to the cells where proteins
are prepared
RNA is single stranded except few viruses which
have double stranded RNA
RNA contains Ribose sugar
It contains bases i
...
, adenine, guanine,
cytosine and thiamine
Adenine paired with Thiamine
It contains bases i
...
, adenine, guanine, cytosine
and uracil
Adenine paired with Uracil
Chargaff’s
Rule
Genetic
Material
Length
Purine is equal to Pyrimidine so obey rule
Purine is not equal to Pyrimidines so not obey the
rule
RNA is the genetic material in few viruses
Types
RNA has three types
mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
mRNA is present Nucleolus
tRNA and rRNA is present in Cytoplasm
Replication
DNA have only single form in which it is
present in organisms
Present in Nucleus, Nucleolus and the
extrachromosomal DNA in Chloroplast and
Mitochondria
It can replicate itself
Modification
Bases are not modified
Bases are modified
Hydrolysis by
Alkalis
Life time
It cannot be hydrolyzed easily by alkalis
because of stability
It is long lived
It can be easily hydrolyzed because of its instability
Catalytic
Not any natural DNA is catalytic
It is catalytic
Hydrogen
Bonds
Bases pairing through hydrogen bonds occurs
during coil formation
Quantity
Hydrogen bonds are present between the
complementary bases of the opposite strands
such as
AT CG
Its quantity is fixed
Prone
More prone to the UV damage
Less prone to the UV damage
Read
It can be read by polymerase
It can be read by ribosomes
Direction
Read 3’→5’
Formed 5’→3’
Strands
Sugar
Bases
Pairing
Presence
DNA is the genetic material in all living
organisms
DNA contains millions of nucleotides
RNA contains only few thousand nucleotides
It can not replicate but formed by DNA
It is short lived
Its quantity is variable for cell
Title: Comparison of DNA and RNA
Description: I have written this notes which covers all the differences between DNA and RNA
Description: I have written this notes which covers all the differences between DNA and RNA