Notesale: Turn your study into money

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FORMAL ENGLISH
- verbs
• enquire - ask

• inform - tell

• receive - get

• appear - seem, look like

• purchase - buy

• must - have to

• nish - end

• reside - live

• damage - hurt

• insert - put in

• verify - check

• apologise - sorry

• assist - help

• utilise - use

• explode - blow up

• preserve, retain - keep

• obtain, acquire, receive - get

• acquire - buy

• permit, allow- let

• tolerate - put up

• establish, found - set up

• postpone - put o

• desire - want

• reject, refuse - say no

• consume - use, eat, drink

• provide, donate - give

• investigate - look into

• consult - refer to

• challenge - dare

• demonstrate, illustrate, portray, indicate - show

• evade - avoid

• quit - give up

• repair - mend

• observe - see

• undermine - lessen the e ectiveness

• fail, collapse - break down

• disintegrate - break up (razpasti)

• introduce - bring in

• is capable of - can

• return - come back, go back

• return - give back, take back

• enter - come, go in

• handle - deal with

• discover, ascertain - nd out

• discern, recognise, perceive, distinguish - see, see di erence (razločiti)

• determine - decide (odločiti, … bo odločilo)

• contact - get in touch with

• yield - give in (vdati se)

• authorise, order - give the go

• oppose - go against

• proceed - go ahead

• leave, depart - go away

• precede - go before (prehiteti)

• decrease, fall, drop, decline - go down

• increase, rise, grow, expand, (double/triple/quadruple) - go up

• exit - go out of

• maintain properly - keep up

• cause - lead to


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omit - leave out

connect - link up

examine - look at

seek - look for

resemble - look like

discern, distinguish, recognise - nd out

fabricate - make up (proizvesti)

indicate - point out

insert - put in

deposit - put down (odložiti)

accumulate - rack up (zbrati)

call - ring up

display - set up

choose - settle for

arrive - show up

address - speak to

represent - stand for

commence - start

remove - take away

discuss, consider - talk about, think about

conceive - think of, imagine

discard - throw away (zavreči)

eject - throw out (vreči, zabrisani)

test - try out

await - wait for

remain - stay

estimate - guess

occur - happen

respond - answer

resume, recommence - start again

collect - pick up

acquire, obtain, develop, learn - pick up a skill

complete - ll out

dismantle - take apart

assist - help out

eliminate - get rid of

raise - bring up

encounter - meet with

reduce - cut down

uctuate - move up and down

delay - put o

extinguish, destroy - put out, put an end to something

accelerate - speed up

ascend - climb

assault - beat up

be bound by - agree with

cancel - call o

cease - stop

combat - ght

comprehend - understand

depart - go

deposit - set down, lay down

discard - throw away

determine - decide, cause to occur

distribute - give out

duly observe - follow

e ect - carry out, cause sth to happen

eliminate - remove


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• Respect, admire, think highly of, have a high opinion of, highly regarded/respected - look up

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elucidate - explain

endeavour - try

ensure - make sure

envisage - imagine

erupt - break out

escape - get out

evade - avoid

examine - go through

exceed - go over

express - say

facilitate - ease

furnish - supply, give

misled - lost

indicated - written

invite - ask out

issue - write

provide written con rmation - put in writing

reference - refer to, mention

release - set free, allow to move

repay - pay back

request - ask for

require - need

reserve - book

retain - keep

settle - pay

settle for - agree to

settle, resolve - reach an agreement

survive - get by

verify - check

regret - be sorry

hesitate - wait

withdraw, remove - take away

disregard - ignore, pay no attention, take no notice

encourage, persuade - inspire

Indicate - show, demonstrate

present - award, hand over

skyrocket - increase very rapidly

assume - be under impression

enrol - apply, register

Lead to, contribute to, trigger, give a rise to, be responsible for, result in - cause


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- adjectives
• negative, disadvantageous, awful, terrible, horrible - bad

• courageous - brave

• positive, useful, valuable, advantageous - good

• energetic - lively

• entire, completely- whole

• inferior - worse

• indistinct - dim

• futile - hopeless

• liberate - free

• acceptable - all right

• insane - mad

• vacant, unoccupied - empty

• transparent - clear

• inexpensive - cheap

• fortunate - lucky

• profound - deep

• punctual - on time

• famished - hungry


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incorrect, inaccurate, misleading - wrong

correct, proper, suitable, appropriate - right

avid - eager

ill - sick

required - needed

fatigued - tired

considerable - really big

large, major, enormous, huge, gigantic, giant - big

small, minor - little

adequate - good enough

absent - away

amiable - friendly

circular - round

di cult - tough

diminutive- small

elderly - old

fearful - afraid

prudential - careful

futile - hopeless

pleased - happy

immature - childish

overdrawn - all taken

senior - older

superior - better

wealthy - rich

youthful - young

complimentary - free of charge, given

complimentary - praising, approving

con dential - private

formal - ceremonial, in accordance with rules

grateful - thankful

convenient, suitable, favourable - appropriate

dependable - responsible, trustworthy, constant, stable

conscientious, diligent, thorough - hardworking, committed, attentive

e ective - providing desired result, functional, worthwhile

e cient - performs well, well organised, methodical, systematic, structured

outstanding (balance), unsettled - unpaid, owed

respected, esteemed - admired

versatile - variable

furious - angry

Tense, uneasy, anxious, nervous - under stress

pristine - clean

freezing - cold

lthy - dirty

hilarious - funny

wonderful, excellent, fantastic - great

boiling, scorching - hot

fascinating - interesting

ancient - old

gorgeous, handsome - pretty

terrifying, petrifying- scary

astonishing - surprising

exhausted - tired

hideous, unattractive
...
of-the-art (technology)

Unbelievable, incredible, astonishing, staggering - amazing, surprising

Astonished, speechless, be taken aback - amazed, surprised

Thrilling, gripping, exhilarating - exciting

Dull, tedious, monotonous, uninspiring - boring


Attractive, stunning, gorgeous - beautiful (people)

Breathtaking, stunning, awe-inspiring, striking, spectacular - beautiful (places)

Spotless - clean

Latest, brand-new, innovative - new

Old-fashioned, outdated, obsolete - old

Excellent, outstanding, impressive, exceptional - good (performance/piece of work)


- nouns
• Factor, trigger - cause

• Bene t, advantage, plus - good thing

• Drawback, shortfall, disadvantage, minus, issue, challenge, di culty, trouble, setback,

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obstacle, dilemma, complication - bad thing

de ciency - lack

opportunity - chance

notion - idea

gratitude - thanks

demise - death

occupation, position, workplace, employment - job

vacancy - unoccupied position

vision - sight

grati cation- enjoyment

delity- faithfulness

residence - house

photograph - photo

children - kids

factor, issue, aspect, item - thing

location, site - place

record - account, le, dossier

purchaser - buyer

element, component - part

response, solution - answer

pleasure - enjoyment

bene t, advantage - pro

disclosure - secret being known

guarantee - promise, assurance

impact - e ect

notion, belief - idea

quarrel - fallout

extravaganza - spectacular event

inquiry - asking

approach - method of doing something

attitude - point of view, outlook on life

concern - problem, issue

cooperation, collaboration - working together, teamwork

coordinator - person who organises

contribution to, participation in, involvement in - help, role in group

E ect, impact, implication, in uence - outcome, result, consequence

invoice - bill, document of purchases and money owed

notice - announcement, information sheet

replacement - substitute, ll-in

representative - spokesperson

resignation - leaving a job position

retirement - permanent leave from workplace

severance (pay) - money to make up for discharge from employment

stock - share in ownership

support - nancial help

Facility

Amenity


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Linking words
- Stating facts
• actually / in fact / really

• The fact is that … / as the matter of fact

- My opinion
• For my part / personally, / in my opinion / in my view / as I see it

• As far as I am concerned

- examples
• This is an example of …

• For instance, / example, … / such as

• This can be shown/illustrated/demonstrated/clari ed by …

• This … indicates/shows/illustrates that …

• Such as / speci cally / particularly / namely / in particular

• A case in point is …

• For one thing, …

• This includes

- Generalising
• As a rule / as usual / In the main / in general, … / on the whole, …

• For the most part

• Generally (speaking) / ordinarily / usually

- Sequence
• Firstly / rst of all / in the rst place (secondly …)

• To start / begin with,

• At the same time / for the time being / meanwhile / simultaneously

• Finally / lastly / eventually / last but not least

• Prior to

- Additional information
• Additionally / in addition, …

• Also / as well / as well as / too / besides

• Another / an additional / a further …

• Furthermore, / moreover, / what is more,

• Likewise / similarly

• Apart from

• Not only, but also

• Another key point to bear in mind is …

• Another key aspect to consider is/to take into consideration …

• If this were not enough … / on top of all this / to make matters worse

- Conclusion
• To sum up, / to conclude, / to put it brie y / in short …

• It can (therefore) be concluded that …

• For the reasons given above …

• With this in mind …

• In essence / in short / in brief / that is / that is to say

• After all / all in all / all things considered / on the whole / on balance

• Taking … into consideration

- Comparison
• A great deal / far / much + comparative

• A bit / slightly / barely / rather + comparative

• By far / easily the + superlative

• By comparison with …

• When compared to …

• Not nearly/quite as … as

• Totally / entirely /completely di erent from …

• One of the main di erences between … is that
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• We are puzzled to have had no remittance from you
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• We acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated 3rd of September, 2022 …

• With reference to our telephone conversation yesterday about …/ to your advertisement in
New York Times dated 12th of December, 2022 …


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• We are pleased to have received your inquiry of 3rd of July, 2022 …

• With reference to your letter of 3rd of January, 2022, inquiring about …

• I would like to con rm the main points we discussed on Tuesday …


- reason for writing
• I am contacting you for the following reason …

• I am writing to inform you …

• I am writing to provide the information you requested
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I have just read the article on … at the start you appear to claim…

I have recently read/heard about … and would like to know …

Having seen the advertisement in … , I would like to …

I received your address from … and would like to know …

We have been informed (by one of our clients) that …

I would be interested in obtaining/receiving …


• As you may recall, we recently discussed the possibility of …

• As you know, our company is interested in …

• In order to develop this idea …

• To allow us to take the matter further, may I suggest that …

• To enable us to move further on this, we would like to propose …

- closing remarks
• If we can be any further assistance, please let us know
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• Should you have any further queries, please do not hesitate to contact me
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• We would be delighted to provide more detailed information
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• Thank you for your help
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• We greatly appreciate your patience in/upon this matter
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• We hope you can settle this matter to our satisfaction
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- referring to future business
• We would be pleased to have an opportunity to work with your rm
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• We are looking forward to a successful working relationship in the future
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• We would appreciate a reply at the earliest convenience
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• We are looking forward to your reply
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• We are looking forward to meeting you on 15th of May, 2023
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• Would it (not) be possible to …?

• Would we be able to…?

• What if we …?

• Have you thought about/considered …?

• Have you thought about reconsidering your decision?

• What if we looked into other options?

• Perhaps we could … (might, may …)

• We were thinking …

• You might want to consider …

• May I point out that …

• We would be delighted to …

• We would be grateful if you could …

• Could you possibly …

• We/our rm would be pleased to …

- apology
• We are sorry for the delay in replying …

• We regret any inconvenience caused …

• We would like to apologise for the inconvenience caused …

• We apologise for any inconveniences you have encountered because of us
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- giving good news
• We are pleased to announce that …

• We are delighted to inform you that …

• You will be pleased to learn that …

- giving bad news
• We regret to inform you …

• We are afraid it would not be possible to …

• Unfortunately, we can not/ are unable to …

• After careful consideration we have decided (not) to …

• Unfortunately, I have to inform you that …

• It is with sadness that I must inform you that …

- processing order
• We are pleased to acknowledge receipt of your order number …

• We are pleased to place an order with your company for …

• Thank you for your quotation of …

• Your order will be processed as soon as possible
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- placing order
• We would like to cancel our order number …

• Please con rm receipt of our order
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• Please note that our prices are subject of change without prior notice
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• Please send us your price list
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• You will receive a credit note for the sum of …

• Payment can be made on any basis acceptable to you
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We can make you a rm o er of …

Our circumstances do not allow us to wait any longer
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You already have an overdraft of …

We shall have to terminate the contract
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• He has shown himself to be extremely …

• He would seem to meet the requirements of this position perfectly
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• We regret to inform you that our order number … is now considerably overdue
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I would therefore be grateful if you could give me a full refund
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I hope the matter will be resolved
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- demands
• We must insist on …

• Please note that the closing deadline for the … is September 3rd, so will you please
complete the attached forms and return th

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