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known as the saturation temperature (Tsat)
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Property Diagrams for Phase Change Processes
T-v Diagram
In the event that we increase the pressure of water in the piston -cylinder
instrument, the process from compressed fluid to super-heated vapor will follow
a particular path that seems to be the interaction for P = 1 atm, the main
difference is just the width of the mixture area will be more limited
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This point is known as the critical point
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At the critical point, the properties of a substance are called critical properties
(critical temperature (Tcr), critical pressure (Pcr) and critical specific volume
(vcr)
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09 MPa
Tcr = 374
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298 K
vcr = 0
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77 MPa

Tcr = 132
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65 K
vcr = 0
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On the off chance that we associate every one of the focuses addressing
saturated fluid we will acquire the saturated fluid line
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The convergence of the two lines is the basic point
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The P-v diagram can be extended out to incorporate the strong stage, the solid
liquid also, the solid vapor saturation regions as certain substances, as water,
expand when they freeze, and the rest (the larger part) contracts during freezing
process, and we have two designs for the P-v chart with strong stage
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In any
case, under specific circumstances, water can exist simultaneously as ice (solid),
fluid and vapor
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On a P-T diagram, these conditions are represented by a point
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Solid vapor sublimation
Solid liquid melting
Liquid vapor vaporization
Property Tables
Notwithstanding the temperature, pressure, and specific volume information,
tables contain information for the particular internal energy u, the specific
enthalpy h, furthermore, the specific entropy s
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For simplicity this combination is defined
as a new property called enthalpy
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Table A-4 has
temperature as the free property; Table A-5 has pressure as the autonomous
property
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TABLE A-4
Saturated water-Temperature table
The last entry is the critical point at 373
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TABLE A-5
Saturated water-Pressure table
The last entry is the critical point at 22
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The subscript fg used in Tables A-4 and A-5 refers to the difference
between the saturated vapor value and the saturated liquid value region
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It represents the amount of energy needed to vaporize a unit of
mass of saturated liquid at a given temperature or pressure

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