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Title: IB Physics Topic 4 Notes
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
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4
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A simple harmonic oscillation is oscillatory motion in which the acceleration is opposite and proportional to displacement from equilibrium
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The time taken to complete a cycle is a period
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The reciprocal, the number of cycles per unit time is the frequency
w is angular speed
Topic 4 Page 2
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Qualitatively describing the energy changes
Because there is no motion yet, there is no kinetic energy
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A continuous exchange between EK and EP occurs
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EK + EP = ET
Topic 4 Page 3
SHM x/v/a Graphs
• The graph of x vs t is reflected across the axis in order to get a vs t graph
Phase and Phase difference
The three graphs are sinusoidal (they take the shape of a sine wave)
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The graphs have a phase difference
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When the phase difference is 0 or T then two systems are oscillating in phase
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The total energy of the system:
m = 125 g
Spring constant :
Acceleration of mass at
(Hooke's Law)
Topic 4 Page 5
SHM Force vs Displacement graph
From a Force vs Displacement graph we can determine:
Explain that the mass is undergoing Simple Harmonic Motion:
• In SHM,
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• The graph shows that
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The spring constant of the spring:
Pick any
and any
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0 kg
The maximum speed of the mass:
The speed of the mass at
m:
Topic 4 Page 6
4
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Propagation is when a wave travels
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Radiation means any disturbance that propagates outwards from its source
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Energy is the ability to move an object
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All waves that require a material object as the medium are called mechanical waves
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The particles within
the medium oscillate back and forth, staying more or less in the same location, while the wave propagates over long distances
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- The particles of the medium vibrate about their rest position at the same frequency as the source
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(e
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Slinky wave)
- In two-dimensional (2-D) wave motion, the wave is only restricted to travelling along the surface of the medium
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g
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(e
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sound of bomb)
Topic 4 Page 8
Wavelength, frequency, period and wave speed
Wavelength (λ) is the shortest distance between two points that are in phase on a wave, i
...
two consecutive crests or two consecutive troughs
Title: IB Physics Topic 4 Notes
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.