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Title: IB Physics Topic 4 Notes
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
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reflection
...
Refraction is the travel of light from one medium into another where it has a different
speed
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During refraction the frequency
and the period do not change
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A refractive index is used when dealing with light waves
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Where n is the refractive index, c is the speed of light in a vacuum and v is the speed of light in the medium
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Since the speed of light is always greatest in a vacuum, the refractive index of any medium other than a vacuum is always larger than 1
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The larger the wavelength, the greater the effect
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Interference in single slits create a complicated pattern
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Sound can be heard through a door because the wavelength of sound is bigger than the door, but light cannot
diffract through the door because the wavelength of light is much smaller than the door (diffraction around an obstacle)
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Interference causes the medium to change shape
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Destructive interference occurs at any location along the medium where the two interfering waves have a displacement in the opposite direction
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is the distance on the screen between the middle of a bright spot and the middle of the next bright spot
(called the fringe spacing)
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When a wave is
moving in an dense medium and arrives at a boundary of a less dense medium it is possible to have all of the light reflected and no light reflected
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The critical angle can be found using Snell's law
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5 - Standing Waves
Topic 4 Page 29
The Nature Of Standing Waves
The principle of superposition proposes that two identical waves travelling in the opposite direction will create a standing wave
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A standing wave does not move
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A point with 0 displacement is called a node
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Standing wave - A wave formed from the superposition of two identical travelling waves moving in opposite directions
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If waves travel the same distance to a point P with the same phase, then constructive interference occurs
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But if the distances are different, destructive interference may occur
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If the path length difference is equal to 0, λ, 2λ, 3λ, or any multiple of the wavelength then the two waves will be in phase and constructively interfere
...
The amplitude and volume of the
sound is zero at these points
Title: IB Physics Topic 4 Notes
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.
Description: Notes for Topic 4 (Wave Physics) of IB Physics.